Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 17;24(3):1808. doi: 10.3390/ijms24031808.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation due to recurring airway collapse during sleep. It is highly prevalent in modern societies, and due to its pleiotropic influence on the organism and numerous sequelae, it burdens patients and physicians. Neurotrophins (NTs), proteins that modulate the functioning and development of the central nervous system, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), have been associated with OSA, primarily due to their probable involvement in offsetting the decline in cognitive functions which accompanies OSA. However, NTs influence multiple aspects of biological functioning, such as immunity. Thus, extensive evaluation of their role in OSA might enlighten the mechanism behind some of its elusive features, such as the increased risk of developing an immune-mediated disease or the association of OSA with cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we examine the interactions between NTs and OSA and discuss their contribution to OSA pathophysiology, complications, as well as comorbidities.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是一种疾病，其特征是由于睡眠期间气道反复塌陷导致慢性间歇性缺氧和睡眠片段化。它在现代社会中非常普遍，由于其对机体的多效影响和众多后遗症，给患者和医生带来了负担。神经营养因子（NTs）是调节中枢神经系统功能和发育的蛋白质，如脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF），与 OSA 有关，主要是因为它们可能参与抵消与 OSA 相伴的认知功能下降。然而，NTs 影响着生物功能的多个方面，如免疫。因此，对它们在 OSA 中的作用进行广泛评估，可能会揭示其一些难以捉摸的特征背后的机制，例如免疫介导性疾病风险增加或 OSA 与心血管疾病的关联。在这篇综述中，我们检查了 NTs 和 OSA 之间的相互作用，并讨论了它们对 OSA 病理生理学、并发症以及合并症的贡献。
