Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Feb 1;24(3):2754. doi: 10.3390/ijms24032754.
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer, and its incidence is increasing in many countries around the world. Among thyroid cancers, the papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) histotype is particularly prevalent. A small percentage of papillary tumors is associated with metastases and aggressive behavior due to de-differentiation obtained through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by which epithelial thyroid cells acquire a fibroblast-like morphology, reduce cellular adhesion, increase motility and expression of mesenchymal proteins. The tumor microenvironment plays an important role in promoting an aggressive phenotype through hypoxia and the secretion of HMGB1 and other factors. Hypoxia has been shown to drastically change the tumor cell phenotype and has been associated with increasing metastatic and migratory behavior. Cells transfer information to neighboring cells or distant locations by releasing extracellular membrane vesicles (EVs) that contain key molecules, such as mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), and proteins, that are able to modify protein expression in recipient cells. In this study, we investigated the potential role of EVs released by the anaplastic cancer cell line CAL-62 in inducing a malignant phenotype in a papillary cancer cell line (BCPAP).
甲状腺癌是最常见的内分泌癌，在世界上许多国家的发病率都在增加。在甲状腺癌中，乳头状甲状腺癌（PTC）组织学类型尤为普遍。一小部分乳头状肿瘤由于上皮-间充质转化（EMT）而与转移和侵袭性行为相关，通过 EMT，上皮甲状腺细胞获得成纤维细胞样形态，减少细胞黏附，增加运动性和间充质蛋白的表达。肿瘤微环境通过缺氧和高迁移率族蛋白 B1（HMGB1）等因素的分泌，在促进侵袭性表型方面发挥重要作用。缺氧显著改变肿瘤细胞表型，并与转移和迁移行为增加相关。细胞通过释放含有关键分子（如 mRNAs、microRNAs（miRNAs）和蛋白质）的细胞外膜囊泡（EVs），将信息传递给邻近细胞或远处位置，这些关键分子能够修饰受体细胞中的蛋白质表达。在这项研究中，我们研究了源自间变性癌细胞系 CAL-62 的 EVs 在诱导乳头状癌细胞系（BCPAP）产生恶性表型中的潜在作用。
