Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
Cancer Res. 2019 Sep 15;79(18):4557-4566. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-18-3962. Epub 2019 Jul 26.
Cancer development and progression occurs in concert with alterations in the surrounding stroma. Cancer cells can functionally sculpt their microenvironment through the secretion of various cytokines, chemokines, and other factors. This results in a reprogramming of the surrounding cells, enabling them to play a determinative role in tumor survival and progression. Immune cells are important constituents of the tumor stroma and critically take part in this process. Growing evidence suggests that the innate immune cells (macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, innate lymphoid cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and natural killer cells) as well as adaptive immune cells (T cells and B cells) contribute to tumor progression when present in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Cross-talk between cancer cells and the proximal immune cells ultimately results in an environment that fosters tumor growth and metastasis. Understanding the nature of this dialog will allow for improved therapeutics that simultaneously target multiple components of the TME, increasing the likelihood of favorable patient outcomes.
癌症的发生和发展伴随着周围基质的改变。癌细胞可以通过分泌各种细胞因子、趋化因子和其他因素，从功能上塑造其微环境。这导致周围细胞的重新编程，使它们能够在肿瘤的存活和进展中发挥决定性作用。免疫细胞是肿瘤基质的重要组成部分，并且在这个过程中起着关键作用。越来越多的证据表明，固有免疫细胞（巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞、树突状细胞、固有淋巴细胞、髓系来源的抑制细胞和自然杀伤细胞）以及适应性免疫细胞（T 细胞和 B 细胞）在肿瘤微环境（TME）中存在时有助于肿瘤的进展。癌细胞与邻近免疫细胞之间的相互作用最终导致了促进肿瘤生长和转移的环境。了解这种对话的性质将有助于开发同时针对 TME 多个成分的改良疗法，从而增加患者获得良好结果的可能性。
