Tamantini Swati, Bergamasco Sara, Zikeli Florian, Humar Miha, Cavalera Massimo, Romagnoli Manuela
Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
Department of Wood Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2023 Jan 21;13(3):442. doi: 10.3390/nano13030442.
Wood coatings prolong the service life of wood-based products, but they are usually of synthetic origin. The aim of the present article is to reduce the fossil-based compounds in a commercial waterborne acrylic coating by CNC addition and to test its performance. The coatings were applied on European beech and Norway spruce wood in order to test durability against (brown wood rot) and (white wood rot). Artificial weathering and blue stain, contact angle, physical tests (adhesion, impact and scratch test), chemical (FTIR) and morpho-anatomical analysis (SEM) were carried out. CNC addition increased viscosity, limiting the spreading of the coating into wood pores as visible after SEM observation, which reduced coating adhesion on the substrate. CNC improved fungal resistance as seen by a reduced mass loss and FTIR spectroscopy thanks to crosslinks formation, which reduced water sorption as well. Color change was not significant, and, on the other hand, glossiness was reduced but resulted as more homogeneous than control. CNC addition gave good results also in blue stain protection. CNC improved scratch resistance, but no visible change to impact was registered. CNC has promising results in coatings depending on wood and fungal species and presence of further commercial additives (biocides).
木材涂料可延长木质产品的使用寿命，但它们通常源自合成材料。本文的目的是通过添加纤维素纳米晶体（CNC）来减少商用水性丙烯酸涂料中基于化石的化合物，并测试其性能。将涂料涂覆在欧洲山毛榉和挪威云杉木材上，以测试其对（褐腐）和（白腐）的耐久性。进行了人工老化和蓝变、接触角、物理测试（附着力、冲击和划痕测试）、化学（傅里叶变换红外光谱法（FTIR））和形态解剖分析（扫描电子显微镜（SEM））。添加CNC增加了粘度，如扫描电子显微镜观察后可见，这限制了涂料向木材孔隙中的渗透，从而降低了涂料在基材上的附着力。由于形成了交联键，通过质量损失的减少和傅里叶变换红外光谱法可以看出，CNC提高了抗真菌性，这也减少了水分吸附。颜色变化不显著，另一方面，光泽度降低，但比对照更均匀。添加CNC在蓝变防护方面也取得了良好效果。CNC提高了抗划伤性，但未观察到对冲击有明显变化。根据木材和真菌种类以及其他商用添加剂（杀菌剂）的存在情况，CNC在涂料中具有良好的应用前景。
