Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Medical Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Nutrients. 2023 Jan 24;15(3):600. doi: 10.3390/nu15030600.
The study aimed to determine the relationship between glucose, C-peptide, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and leptin between mother and fetus and neonatal weight.
In the prospective observational cohort study, we included 66 women with type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). According to the z-score for neonatal weight, patients were divided into healthy-weight neonates ( = 42) and overweight neonates ( = 24). The maternal blood samples were taken during pregnancy and cesarean section when the umbilical vein blood sample was also withdrawn. The maternal vein sera were analyzed for fasting glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP), leptin, BDNF, TSH, FT3, and FT4. The umbilical vein sera were analyzed for glucose, C-peptide, leptin, TSH, thyroid-stimulating protein (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and BDNF concentration. The neonatologist measured the skinfold thickness on the third day of neonatal life.
A strong correlation was confirmed between maternal and umbilical vein glucose concentration and maternal glucose and C-peptide in umbilical vein blood. A negative correlation was found between the concentration of BDNF in the umbilical vein and glucose in maternal blood. A strong correlation was seen between BMI and maternal blood leptin concentration, neonatal fat body mass, and umbilical vein blood leptin concentration. Higher BMI elevated BDNF, and TSH increase the odds for overweight neonates in the first trimester of pregnancy. Maternal higher leptin concentration in the first trimester decrease the odds of overweight neonates.
Maternal glucose concentrations affect the fetus's glucose, C-peptide, and BDNF concentrations. Leptin levels increase in maternal blood due to increased body mass index, and in the neonate, fat body mass is responsible for increased leptin concentrations.
确定母体和胎儿的血糖、C 肽、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)和瘦素与新生儿体重之间的关系。
在这项前瞻性观察性队列研究中,我们纳入了 66 名 1 型糖尿病(T1DM)女性患者。根据新生儿体重的 Z 评分,患者被分为健康体重新生儿(n=42)和超重新生儿(n=24)。在妊娠期间和剖宫产时采集母体静脉血样,同时采集脐静脉血样。分析母体静脉血清中的空腹血糖、C 反应蛋白(CRP)、瘦素、BDNF、促甲状腺激素(TSH)、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)和游离甲状腺素(FT4)。分析脐静脉血清中的血糖、C 肽、瘦素、TSH、甲状腺刺激蛋白(FT3)、游离甲状腺素(FT4)和 BDNF 浓度。新生儿科医生在新生儿出生后第 3 天测量皮褶厚度。
证实母体和脐静脉血糖浓度与母体血糖和脐静脉血 C 肽之间存在强相关性。脐静脉 BDNF 浓度与母体血糖呈负相关。BMI 与母体血液瘦素浓度、新生儿脂肪体重和脐静脉血液瘦素浓度呈强相关。BMI 越高,BDNF 和 TSH 越高,妊娠早期超重新生儿的几率越大。妊娠早期母体血液中较高的瘦素浓度会降低超重新生儿的几率。
母体血糖浓度会影响胎儿的血糖、C 肽和 BDNF 浓度。由于体重指数增加,母体血液中的瘦素水平增加,而新生儿脂肪体重则导致瘦素浓度增加。