Rasyida Amaliya, Halimah Salma, Wijayanti Ika Dewi, Wicaksono Sigit Tri, Nurdiansah Haniffudin, Silaen Yohannes Marudut Tua, Ni'mah Yatim Lailun, Ardhyananta Hosta, Purniawan Agung
Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology and System Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology and System Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Jan 19;15(3):534. doi: 10.3390/polym15030534.
We reported in this study the interrelation between the addition of 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 wt. % reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) into PVA/Alginate and their degradation and biocompatibility properties. The r-GO was synthesized by using the Hummer's method. A crosslinker CaSO was added to prepare Alginate/PVA/r-GO Hydrogel composite. A Field Emission in Lens (FEI)-scanning electron microscopy (SEM), along with X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), was performed, characterizing the morphology of the composite. A compressive test was conducted, determining the mechanical properties of the composite with the highest achieved 0.0571 MPa. Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxicity was conducted to determine the biocompatibility properties of the studied composite. An MTT assay was applied to measure cell viability. In general, the presence of r-GO was found to have no significant effect on the morphology of the hydrogel. Indeed, adding 0.4% r-GO to the PVA/Alginate increased the cell viability up to 122.26 ± 0.93, indicating low toxicity. The studied composites have almost no changes in weight and shape, which proves that low degradation occurred in addition to this after 28 days of immersion in saline phosphate buffer solution. In conclusion, achieving minimal degradation and outstanding biocompatibility lead to PVA/Alginate/r-GO hydrogel composites being the most attractive materials for tissue engineering applications.
我们在本研究中报告了向聚乙烯醇/海藻酸盐（PVA/Alginate）中添加0.4%、0.8%、1.2%和1.6%（重量）还原氧化石墨烯（r-GO）与其降解及生物相容性之间的相互关系。r-GO采用Hummer法合成。添加交联剂硫酸钙（CaSO）制备海藻酸盐/聚乙烯醇/r-GO水凝胶复合材料。利用场发射透镜扫描电子显微镜（FEI-SEM）以及X射线能量色散光谱（EDS）对复合材料的形态进行了表征。进行了压缩试验，测定了复合材料的力学性能，其最高可达0.0571兆帕。此外，还进行了体外细胞毒性试验以确定所研究复合材料的生物相容性。采用MTT法测量细胞活力。总体而言，发现r-GO的存在对水凝胶的形态没有显著影响。事实上，向PVA/海藻酸盐中添加0.4%的r-GO可使细胞活力提高至122.26±0.93，表明毒性较低。所研究的复合材料在重量和形状上几乎没有变化，这证明在磷酸盐缓冲盐溶液中浸泡28天后除了上述情况外降解程度较低。总之，实现最小程度的降解和出色的生物相容性使PVA/海藻酸盐/r-GO水凝胶复合材料成为组织工程应用中最具吸引力的材料。
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