Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2023 Apr;147:105082. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105082. Epub 2023 Feb 10.
Early life experiences, such as very preterm (VP) birth, can affect brain and cognitive development. Several prior studies investigated brain structure in adults born VP; synthesising these studies may help to provide a clearer understanding of long-term effects of VP birth on the brain. We systematically searched Medline and Embase for articles that investigated brain structure using MRI in adulthood in individuals born VP (<32 weeks' gestation) or with very low birth weight (VLBW; <1500 g), and controls born at term or with normal birth weight. In total, 77 studies met the review inclusion criteria, of which 28 studies were eligible for meta-analyses, including data from up to 797 VP/VLBW participants and 518 controls, aged 18-33 years. VP/VLBW adults exhibited volumetric, morphologic and microstructural alterations in subcortical and temporal cortical regions compared with controls, with pooled standardised mean differences up to - 1.0 (95% confidence interval: -1.2, -0.8). This study suggests there is a persisting neurological impact of VP birth, which may provide developmental neurobiological insights for adult cognition in high-risk populations.
早期生活经历，如极早产儿（VP）出生，可能会影响大脑和认知发育。一些先前的研究调查了 VP 出生的成年人的大脑结构；综合这些研究可能有助于更清楚地了解 VP 出生对大脑的长期影响。我们系统地在 Medline 和 Embase 中搜索了使用 MRI 研究成年人脑结构的文章，这些文章的研究对象为 VP（<32 周妊娠）或极低出生体重（VLBW；<1500g）出生的个体，以及足月或正常出生体重出生的对照组。共有 77 项研究符合综述纳入标准，其中 28 项研究适合进行荟萃分析，包括多达 797 名 VP/VLBW 参与者和 518 名对照组的数据，年龄为 18-33 岁。与对照组相比，VP/VLBW 成年人的皮质下和颞叶皮质区域存在体积、形态和微观结构改变，合并后的标准化均数差高达-1.0（95%置信区间：-1.2，-0.8）。这项研究表明，VP 出生对大脑有持续的神经影响，这可能为高危人群的成年认知提供发育神经生物学方面的见解。
