Kim Tanner I, Guzman Raul J
Deparment of Surgery, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States.
The Queen's Health Systems, Honolulu, HI, United States.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023 Jan 26;10:1093355. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1093355. eCollection 2023.
Medial artery calcification (MAC) is a distinct, highly regulated process that is often identified in small and mid-sized arteries of the lower extremities. It is associated with advanced age, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. MAC often occurs in conjunction with atherosclerotic occlusive disease in lower extremity arteries, and when seen together or in isolation, long-term limb outcomes are negatively affected. In patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD), the extent of MAC independently correlates with major amputation and mortality rates, and it predicts poor outcomes after endovascular interventions. It is associated with increased arterial stiffness and decreased pedal perfusion. New endovascular methods aimed at treating calcified lower-extremity lesions may improve our ability to treat patients with limb-threatening ischemia. Although recent developments have increased our understanding of the mechanisms contributing to MAC, further investigations are needed to understand the role of medial calcification in PAD, and to develop strategies aimed at improving patient outcomes.
中膜动脉钙化（MAC）是一个独特的、高度受调控的过程，常在下肢体的中小动脉中被发现。它与高龄、糖尿病和慢性肾病相关。MAC常与下肢动脉的动脉粥样硬化闭塞性疾病同时出现，当两者同时存在或单独出现时，长期肢体预后会受到负面影响。在患有外周动脉疾病（PAD）的患者中，MAC的程度与大截肢率和死亡率独立相关，并且它预示着血管内介入治疗后的不良预后。它与动脉僵硬度增加和足部灌注减少有关。旨在治疗钙化性下肢病变的新血管内方法可能会提高我们治疗有肢体威胁性缺血患者的能力。尽管最近的进展增加了我们对导致MAC的机制的理解，但仍需要进一步研究以了解中膜钙化在PAD中的作用，并制定旨在改善患者预后的策略。
