Gabster Amanda, Xavier Hall Casey D, Yu Pon Anyi, Millender Eugenia, Wong Frank Frankie Y, Pascale Juan Miguel
Department of Genomics and Proteomics, Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies, Panama City, Panama.
National Research System, National Secretariat of Science, Technology and Innovation, Panama City, Panama.
Lancet Reg Health Am. 2022 Nov 3;17:100383. doi: 10.1016/j.lana.2022.100383. eCollection 2023 Jan.
Adolescent dating violence (ADV) can have lasting effects on youth's well-being and development. However, few studies in Latin America have described its prevalence and risk factors for having experienced ADV.
We conducted a multisite, cross-sectional study using two-stage cluster sampling among adolescents (14-19 years) attending public high schools in the urban districts of Panama, San Miguelito, Colón, and Arraiján/La Chorrera from 2015 to 2018 (N = 2469). All completed a tablet-based, self-administered questionnaire. Random effects logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for each ADV type among adolescent boys and girls separately.
Participants reported experiencing a range of ADV at least once (girls: emotional 61.6%, physical 7.9%, sexual 21.0%; boys: emotional 73.4%, physical 24.1%, sexual 28.9%). In adjusted models, participants with a history of sexual intercourse had greater odds of ADV than those without such history across types (boys: emotional and sexual; girls: emotional, physical, and sexual). Additionally, participants who reported three or more romantic partners in the past year had greater odds of ADV than those with one partner (boys: emotional, physical; girls: physical). Girls with an earlier sexual debut (≤14 years vs ≥15 years) had greater odds of reporting ADV (emotional and sexual violence). No associations were found between reporting dating violence survival and the sex of romantic partners in the past year or the age of the current/most recent sex partner.
This study reveals a high prevalence of ADV among adolescents in urban public schools in Panama. These findings support the need for program implementation to address ADV.
Funding to undertake this study was acquired from Panama's Ministry of Economics and Finance, project number 009044.049.
青少年约会暴力（ADV）会对年轻人的幸福和发展产生持久影响。然而，拉丁美洲很少有研究描述其发生率以及经历过ADV的风险因素。
我们于2015年至2018年在巴拿马、圣米格尔蒂托、科隆和阿赖扬/拉乔雷拉市区的公立高中就读的青少年（14 - 19岁）中采用两阶段整群抽样进行了一项多地点横断面研究（N = 2469）。所有人都完成了一份基于平板电脑的自填问卷。随机效应逻辑回归分别用于确定青少年男孩和女孩中每种ADV类型的风险因素。
参与者报告至少经历过一次各种ADV（女孩：情感暴力61.6%，身体暴力7.9%，性暴力21.0%；男孩：情感暴力73.4%，身体暴力24.1%，性暴力28.9%）。在调整后的模型中，有性交史的参与者经历ADV的几率高于无此病史的参与者，涉及各种类型（男孩：情感和性暴力；女孩：情感、身体和性暴力）。此外，在过去一年中报告有三个或更多恋爱伴侣的参与者经历ADV的几率高于只有一个伴侣的参与者（男孩：情感和身体暴力；女孩：身体暴力）。首次性行为较早（≤14岁与≥15岁）的女孩报告ADV（情感和性暴力）的几率更高。在过去一年中报告的约会暴力幸存者与恋爱伴侣的性别或当前/最近性伴侣的年龄之间未发现关联。
本研究揭示了巴拿马城市公立学校青少年中ADV的高发生率。这些发现支持实施相关项目以解决ADV问题的必要性。
开展本研究的资金来自巴拿马经济和财政部，项目编号009044.049。
