Li Xiangyu, Zhu Yingbo, Wang Yi, Xia Xiaohuan, Zheng Jialin C
Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China.
Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital, Tongji University Shanghai China.
MedComm (2020). 2023 Feb 7;4(1):e214. doi: 10.1002/mco2.214. eCollection 2023 Feb.
As bilayer lipid membrane vesicles secreted by neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs), NSC-derived extracellular vesicles (NSC-EVs) have attracted growing attention for their promising potential to serve as novel therapeutic agents in treatment of neurological diseases due to their unique physicochemical characteristics and biological functions. NSC-EVs exhibit advantages such as stable physical and chemical properties, low immunogenicity, and high penetration capacity to cross blood-brain barrier to avoid predicaments of the clinical applications of NSCs that include autoimmune responses, ethical/religious concerns, and the problematic logistics of acquiring fetal tissues. More importantly, NSC-EVs inherit excellent neuroprotective and neuroregenerative potential and immunomodulatory capabilities from parent cells, and display outstanding therapeutic effects on mitigating behavioral alterations and pathological phenotypes of patients or animals with neurological diseases. In this review, we first comprehensively summarize the progress in functional research and application of NSC-EVs in different neurological diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, acute neurological diseases, dementia/cognitive dysfunction, and peripheral diseases. Next, we provide our thoughts on current limitations/concerns as well as tremendous potential of NSC-EVs in clinical applications. Last, we discuss future directions of further investigations on NSC-EVs and their probable applications in both basic and clinical research.
作为神经干细胞/祖细胞（NSCs）分泌的双层脂质膜囊泡，神经干细胞衍生的细胞外囊泡（NSC-EVs）因其独特的物理化学特性和生物学功能，在治疗神经疾病方面具有作为新型治疗剂的潜力，因而受到越来越多的关注。NSC-EVs具有物理化学性质稳定、免疫原性低以及穿透血脑屏障能力强等优势，可避免神经干细胞临床应用中面临的自身免疫反应、伦理/宗教问题以及获取胎儿组织的后勤难题。更重要的是，NSC-EVs继承了亲代细胞出色的神经保护和神经再生潜力以及免疫调节能力，对减轻神经疾病患者或动物的行为改变和病理表型具有显著的治疗效果。在本综述中，我们首先全面总结NSC-EVs在不同神经疾病（包括神经退行性疾病、急性神经疾病、痴呆/认知功能障碍和周围疾病）中的功能研究和应用进展。接下来，我们阐述了对NSC-EVs当前临床应用中的局限性/问题以及巨大潜力的看法。最后，我们讨论了NSC-EVs进一步研究的未来方向及其在基础和临床研究中可能的应用。
