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猕猴桃的端粒到端粒及无间隙参考基因组组装

Telomere-to-telomere and gap-free reference genome assembly of the kiwifruit .

作者信息

Yue Junyang, Chen Qinyao, Wang Yingzhen, Zhang Lei, Ye Chen, Wang Xu, Cao Shuo, Lin Yunzhi, Huang Wei, Xian He, Qin Hongyan, Wang Yanli, Zhang Sijia, Wu Ying, Wang Songhu, Yue Yi, Liu Yongsheng

机构信息

School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China.

Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518124, China.

出版信息

Hortic Res. 2022 Dec 2;10(2):uhac264. doi: 10.1093/hr/uhac264. eCollection 2023 Feb.

Abstract

Kiwifruit is an economically and nutritionally important fruit crop with extremely high contents of vitamin C. However, the previously released versions of kiwifruit genomes all have a mass of unanchored or missing regions. Here, we report a highly continuous and completely gap-free reference genome of cv. 'Hongyang', named Hongyang v4.0, which is the first to achieve two haploid-resolved haplotypes, HY4P and HY4A. HY4P and HY4A have a total length of 606.1 and 599.6 Mb, respectively, with almost the entire telomeres and centromeres assembled in each haplotype. In comparison with Hongyang v3.0, the integrity and contiguity of Hongyang v4.0 is markedly improved by filling all unclosed gaps and correcting some misoriented regions, resulting in ~38.6-39.5 Mb extra sequences, which might affect 4263 and 4244 protein-coding genes in HY4P and HY4A, respectively. Furthermore, our gap-free genome assembly provides the first clue for inspecting the structure and function of centromeres. Globally, centromeric regions are characterized by higher-order repeats that mainly consist of a 153-bp conserved centromere-specific monomer () with different copy numbers among chromosomes. Functional enrichment analysis of the genes located within centromeric regions demonstrates that chromosome centromeres may not only play physical roles for linking a pair of sister chromatids, but also have genetic features for participation in the regulation of cell division. The availability of the telomere-to-telomere and gap-free Hongyang v4.0 reference genome lays a solid foundation not only for illustrating genome structure and functional genomics studies but also for facilitating kiwifruit breeding and improvement.

摘要

猕猴桃是一种在经济和营养方面都很重要的水果作物,其维生素C含量极高。然而,先前发布的猕猴桃基因组版本都有大量未定位或缺失的区域。在此,我们报告了一个高度连续且完全无间隙的‘红阳’品种参考基因组,命名为红阳v4.0,它是首个实现两个单倍体解析单倍型HY4P和HY4A的基因组。HY4P和HY4A的总长度分别为606.1和599.6兆碱基对,每个单倍型几乎组装了完整的端粒和着丝粒。与红阳v3.0相比,红阳v4.0通过填补所有未封闭的间隙并纠正一些方向错误的区域,完整性和连续性得到显著改善,增加了约38.6 - 39.5兆碱基对的额外序列,这可能分别影响HY4P和HY4A中的4263个和4244个蛋白质编码基因。此外,我们的无间隙基因组组装为研究着丝粒的结构和功能提供了首个线索。在全球范围内,着丝粒区域的特征是高阶重复序列,主要由一个153碱基对的保守着丝粒特异性单体()组成,不同染色体上的拷贝数不同。对着丝粒区域内基因的功能富集分析表明,染色体着丝粒不仅可能在连接一对姐妹染色单体方面发挥物理作用,还具有参与细胞分裂调控的遗传特征。端粒到端粒且无间隙的红阳v4.0参考基因组的可用性不仅为阐明基因组结构和功能基因组学研究奠定了坚实基础,也为促进猕猴桃育种和改良提供了便利。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c019/9909506/ad0d7e92e178/uhac264f1.jpg

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