Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-397, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Environmental Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-397, Tehran, Iran.
Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2023 Jun;22(6):1445-1462. doi: 10.1007/s43630-023-00389-2. Epub 2023 Feb 13.
The release of industrial dyes into the environment has recently increased, resulting in harmful effects on people and ecosystems. In recent years, the use of adsorbents in photocatalytic nanocomposites has attracted significant interest due to their low cost, efficiency, and eco-friendly physical and chemical characteristics. Herein, Acid Orange 7 (AO7) removal was investigated by photocatalytic degradation using Rice Rusk Biochar (RHB), Tin (IV) Oxide (SnO), and Iron Oxide (FeO) as heterogeneous nanocomposite. After the preparation of RHB, the nanocomposite was synthesized and characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). To optimize the elimination of AO7 by the One-Factor-At-a-Time (OFAT) method, effective parameters including mixing ratio (RHB:SnO:FeO), dye concentration, solution pH, and nanocomposite dose were studied. The results showed that the removal efficiency of AO7 after 120 min under the optimal mixing ratio of 1:1.5:0.6, dye concentration of 75 mg/l, solution pH of 4, and nanocomposite dose of 0.7 g/l was 92.37%. Moreover, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Total Organic Carbon (TOC) removal rates were obtained at 82.22 and 72.22%, respectively. The Average Oxidation State (AOS) and Carbon Oxidation State (COS) of the AO7 solution were increased after the process, indicating biodegradability improvement. Various scavenger effects were studied under optimal conditions, and the results revealed that O and H reactive species play a crucial role in the photocatalytic degradation of AO7. The reusability and stability of nanocomposite were tested in several consecutive experiments, and the degradation efficiency was reduced from 92 to 79% after five consecutive cycles. It is expected that this research contributes significantly to the utilization of agricultural waste in photocatalytic nanocomposites for the degradation of environmental pollutants.
近年来，由于具有成本低、效率高以及环境友好的物理化学特性，在光催化纳米复合材料中使用吸附剂引起了人们的极大兴趣。在此，使用 Rice Rusk Biochar (RHB)、氧化锡 (SnO) 和氧化铁 (FeO) 作为异质纳米复合材料，通过光催化降解研究了酸性橙 7 (AO7) 的去除。在制备 RHB 之后，使用场发射扫描电子显微镜 (FESEM)、X 射线粉末衍射 (XRD)、Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) 和傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR) 对纳米复合材料进行了合成和表征。为了通过单因素法 (OFAT) 优化 AO7 的去除效果，研究了有效参数，包括混合比 (RHB:SnO:FeO)、染料浓度、溶液 pH 值和纳米复合材料剂量。结果表明，在最佳混合比为 1:1.5:0.6、染料浓度为 75 mg/l、溶液 pH 值为 4 和纳米复合材料剂量为 0.7 g/l 的条件下，AO7 在 120 min 后去除率为 92.37%。此外，COD 和 TOC 的去除率分别达到 82.22%和 72.22%。AO7 溶液的平均氧化态 (AOS) 和碳氧化态 (COS) 在反应后增加，表明可生物降解性得到提高。在最佳条件下研究了各种清除剂的影响，结果表明 O 和 H 活性物质在 AO7 的光催化降解中起着关键作用。在几次连续实验中测试了纳米复合材料的可重复使用性和稳定性，五次连续循环后降解效率从 92%降低到 79%。预计本研究为利用农业废物在光催化纳米复合材料中降解环境污染物做出了重要贡献。
