Departamento de Farmacología, Área Académica de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Doctores Pachuca, C.P. 42090, Hidalgo, México.
Centro de Investigaciones Quimicas, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ciudad del Conocimiento, C.P. 42184 Mineral de la Reforma, México.
Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2023;24(12):1504-1514. doi: 10.2174/1389201024666230213094953.
Preclinical and clinical evidence implies that destructive therapies in local and malignant tissue are frequently used on patients with head and neck cancer. Consequently, the microbiome of the treated and adjacent regions is affected. Disruption of the normal microbiome plays an important role not only in the disease progression but also in its emergence, therefore new therapies involving probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics have been developed to control or regulate this microbial disruption.
This review aims to describe the current and potential uses of probiotics at different stages of development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, as an adjuvant therapy to prevent common complications such as radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) and its role in other areas.
Currently, there is no widely effective strategy to treat or prevent this kind of cancer. Surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are the three main treatments for head and neck cancer. Some therapies can also cause long-term health problems, or complications which might change the way you eat, talk, hear and breathe.
The main uses for which probiotics have been studied are: Prevention and reduction of severity of RIOM, change in dental plaque to reduce dysbiosis, and reduction of complications in post-operated patients. Potential uses of probiotics include the reduction of disease initiation and progression by reducing local inflammation caused by bacteria and other organisms.
The incidence and severity of RIOM may be lessened by probiotics. To establish its uses in additional clinical settings, though, more studies are necessary.
临床前和临床证据表明，头颈部癌症患者经常接受局部和恶性组织的破坏性治疗。因此，治疗区域和相邻区域的微生物组受到影响。正常微生物组的破坏不仅在疾病进展中起着重要作用，而且在疾病的出现中也起着重要作用，因此，已经开发了涉及益生菌、益生元和合生菌的新疗法来控制或调节这种微生物的破坏。
本综述旨在描述益生菌在头颈部鳞状细胞癌不同发展阶段的当前和潜在用途，作为辅助治疗以预防常见并发症，如放射性口腔黏膜炎（RIOM）及其在其他领域的作用。
目前，还没有广泛有效的治疗或预防这种癌症的方法。手术、放射治疗和化疗是头颈部癌症的三种主要治疗方法。一些治疗方法也会导致长期的健康问题，或可能改变你进食、说话、听力和呼吸方式的并发症。
益生菌研究的主要用途是：预防和减轻 RIOM 的严重程度，改变牙菌斑以减少生态失调，以及减少术后患者的并发症。益生菌的潜在用途包括通过减少细菌和其他生物体引起的局部炎症来减少疾病的发生和进展。
益生菌可能会减轻 RIOM 的发病率和严重程度。然而，要在其他临床环境中确立其用途，还需要更多的研究。
