二甲双胍和达格列净减轻多柔比星诱导的 Wistar 大鼠急性心脏毒性:心电图、生化和组织病理学方法。
Metformin and Dapagliflozin Attenuate Doxorubicin-Induced Acute Cardiotoxicity in Wistar Rats: An Electrocardiographic, Biochemical, and Histopathological Approach.
机构信息
Department of Pharmacology, RAK College of Medical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE.
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia, Melaka, Malaysia.
出版信息
Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2023 Feb;23(2):107-119. doi: 10.1007/s12012-023-09784-8. Epub 2023 Feb 15.
Doxorubicin is a widely used anticancer drug whose efficacy is limited due to its cardiotoxicity. There is no ideal cardioprotection available against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. This study aimed to investigate the anticipated cardioprotective potential of metformin and dapagliflozin against doxorubicin-induced acute cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats. At the beginning of the experiment, cardiac screening of experimental animals was done by recording an electrocardiogram (ECG) before allocating them into the groups. Thereafter, a total of thirty healthy adult Wistar rats (150-200 g) were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6) and treated for eight days as follows: group I (normal control), group II (doxorubicin control), group III (metformin 250 mg/kg/day), group IV (metformin 180 mg/kg/day), and group V (dapagliflozin 0.9 mg/kg/day). On the 7th day of the treatment phase, doxorubicin 20 mg/kg was administered intraperitoneal to groups II, III, IV, and V. On the 9th day (immediately after 48 h of doxorubicin administration), blood was collected from anesthetized animals for glucose, lipid profile, CK-MB & AST estimation, and ECG was recorded. Later, animals were sacrificed, and the heart was dissected for histopathological examination. We found that compared to normal control rats, CK-MB, AST, and glucose were significantly increased in doxorubicin control rats. There was a significant reversal of doxorubicin-induced hyperglycemia in the rats treated with metformin 250 mg/kg compared to doxorubicin control rats. Both metformin (180 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg) and dapagliflozin (0.9 mg/kg) significantly altered doxorubicin-induced ECG changes and reduced the levels of cardiac injury biomarkers CK-MB and AST compared to doxorubicin control rats. Metformin and dapagliflozin protected the cellular architecture of the myocardium from doxorubicin-induced myocardial injury. Current study revealed that both metformin and dapagliflozin at the FDA-recommended antidiabetic doses mitigated doxorubicin-induced acute cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats. The obtained data have opened the perspective to perform chronic studies and then to clinical studies to precisely consider metformin and dapagliflozin as potential chemoprotection in the combination of chemotherapy with doxorubicin to limit its cardiotoxicity, especially in patients with comorbid conditions like type II diabetes mellitus.
多柔比星是一种广泛应用的抗癌药物,但由于其心脏毒性,其疗效受到限制。目前尚无理想的药物可用于对抗多柔比星引起的心脏毒性。本研究旨在探讨二甲双胍和达格列净对多柔比星诱导的 Wistar 大鼠急性心脏毒性的预期心脏保护作用。在实验开始时,通过在分配给各组之前记录心电图 (ECG) 对实验动物进行心脏筛查。此后,总共 30 只健康成年 Wistar 大鼠(150-200g)随机分为五组(n=6),并连续 8 天进行以下治疗:组 I(正常对照组),组 II(多柔比星对照组),组 III(二甲双胍 250mg/kg/天),组 IV(二甲双胍 180mg/kg/天)和组 V(达格列净 0.9mg/kg/天)。在治疗阶段的第 7 天,向组 II、组 III、组 IV 和组 V 腹腔内注射多柔比星 20mg/kg。第 9 天(多柔比星给药后 48 小时后),从麻醉动物中采集血液用于葡萄糖、血脂谱、CK-MB 和 AST 测定,并记录心电图。随后,处死动物,解剖心脏进行组织病理学检查。我们发现,与正常对照组大鼠相比,多柔比星对照组大鼠的 CK-MB、AST 和血糖显著升高。与多柔比星对照组大鼠相比,二甲双胍 250mg/kg 治疗的大鼠血糖显著逆转了多柔比星诱导的高血糖。二甲双胍(180mg/kg 和 250mg/kg)和达格列净(0.9mg/kg)均显著改变了多柔比星诱导的心电图变化,并降低了心脏损伤生物标志物 CK-MB 和 AST 的水平,与多柔比星对照组大鼠相比。二甲双胍和达格列净保护心肌细胞结构免受多柔比星诱导的心肌损伤。目前的研究表明,二甲双胍和达格列净在 FDA 推荐的抗糖尿病剂量下均可减轻 Wistar 大鼠多柔比星诱导的急性心脏毒性。获得的数据为进行慢性研究并随后进行临床研究打开了视野,以精确考虑二甲双胍和达格列净作为化疗联合多柔比星时的潜在化学保护剂,以限制其心脏毒性,特别是在合并 2 型糖尿病等合并症的患者中。