Medical Entomology Centre, Insect Research & Development Limited, Cambridge, CB25 9AU, UK.
Parasitol Res. 2023 Apr;122(4):945-952. doi: 10.1007/s00436-023-07795-6. Epub 2023 Feb 16.
In response to increasing complaints of head louse infestation in the area of Cambridge, UK, in the mid-1990s, a series of prevalence surveys in selected schools coupled with collection of lice were commissioned by the local health authority. Carers of infested children were provided with advice on treatment by school nurses. Lice collected during these surveys were tested in the laboratory for evidence of resistance to insecticides. These data were used by the health authority to make decisions about recommended insecticide use for control of head infestations. Surveys over 3 years 1995-1997 found increasing prevalence of lice and increasing resistance to pyrethroids and malathion insecticides across the city. In two selected linked schools, the school nurse initiated a series of workshops and demonstrations to encourage families to treat by wet combing with conditioner in line with government recommendations and local general practitioner advice. Surveys conducted before and after the combing initiative found that prevalence increased in one school and was effectively unchanged in the other. Data collected in 1996 and 1997 from two schools showed that some families were continuously infested across 2 years and would act as a reservoir of infestation for the rest of the community.
针对 20 世纪 90 年代中期英国剑桥地区越来越多的头虱感染投诉，当地卫生当局委托在选定学校进行了一系列流行情况调查，并采集了虱子。受感染儿童的照顾者从学校护士那里获得了治疗建议。在这些调查中收集的虱子在实验室中进行了杀虫剂耐药性测试。这些数据被卫生当局用于决定推荐使用杀虫剂来控制头虱感染。1995 年至 1997 年的三年调查发现，全市虱子的流行率不断上升，对拟除虫菊酯和马拉硫磷杀虫剂的耐药性也不断上升。在两所选定的连锁学校，学校护士发起了一系列研讨会和示范活动，鼓励家长按照政府建议和当地全科医生的建议，用湿梳子和护发素进行治疗。在梳理活动前后进行的调查发现，一所学校的流行率上升，而另一所学校则基本保持不变。1996 年和 1997 年从两所学校收集的数据显示，一些家庭在两年内持续受到感染，成为社区其他地方感染的源头。
