Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture (CEFAS), Weymouth, Dorset, UK.
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD), Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2023;1404:337-352. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-22997-8_16.
When the first microbial genome sequences were published just 20 years ago, our understanding regarding the microbial world changed dramatically. The genomes of the first pathogenic vibrios sequenced, including Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Vibrio vulnificus revealed a functional and phylogenetic diversity previously unimagined as well as a genome structure indelibly shaped by horizontal gene transfer. The initial glimpses into these organisms also revealed a genomic plasticity that allowed these bacteria to thrive in challenging and varied aquatic and marine environments, but critically also a suite of pathogenicity attributes. In this review we outline how our understanding of vibrios has changed over the last two decades with the advent of genomics and advances in bioinformatic and data analysis techniques, it has become possible to provide a more cohesive understanding regarding these bacteria: how these pathogens have evolved and emerged from environmental sources, their evolutionary routes through time and space, how they interact with other bacteria and the human host, as well as initiate disease. We outline novel approaches to the use of whole genome sequencing for this important group of bacteria and how new sequencing technologies may be applied to study these organisms in future studies.
当 20 年前首次公布微生物基因组序列时，我们对微生物世界的理解发生了巨大变化。对最初测序的致病性弧菌（包括霍乱弧菌、副溶血弧菌和创伤弧菌）的基因组进行分析，揭示了以前未曾想象过的功能和系统发育多样性，以及明显受到水平基因转移影响的基因组结构。最初对这些生物体的观察也揭示了基因组的可塑性，使这些细菌能够在具有挑战性和多样化的水生和海洋环境中茁壮成长，但关键是还具有一系列致病性特征。在这篇综述中，我们概述了随着基因组学的出现和生物信息学和数据分析技术的进步，我们对弧菌的理解在过去二十年中发生了怎样的变化，现在已经有可能对这些细菌提供更具凝聚力的理解：这些病原体如何从环境来源进化和出现，它们在时间和空间上的进化途径，它们如何与其他细菌和人类宿主相互作用以及引发疾病。我们概述了用于这组重要细菌的全基因组测序的新方法，以及新的测序技术如何应用于未来的研究中对这些生物体进行研究。
