Kyriakoulis Peter, Kyrios Michael
Faculty of Arts, Health and Design, Swinburne University, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia.
College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Órama Institute for Mental Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia.
Front Psychiatry. 2023 Jan 30;14:957515. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.957515. eCollection 2023.
The current narrative review summarizes and examines several theories of panic disorder (PD) including biological theories, encompassing neurochemical factors, metabolic and genetic theories, respiratory and hyperventilation theories and cognitive theory. Biological theories have informed the development of psychopharmacological treatments; however, they may be limited in their utility given the efficacy of psychological treatments. In particular, behavioral and, more recently, cognitive models have garnered support due to the efficacy of cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) in treating PD. The role of combination treatments has been found to be superior in the treatment of PD in particular cases, lending support for the need for an integrated approach and model for PD given that the etiology of PD is complex and multifactorial.
当前的叙述性综述总结并审视了惊恐障碍（PD）的几种理论，包括生物学理论，涵盖神经化学因素、代谢和遗传理论、呼吸和过度通气理论以及认知理论。生物学理论为心理药物治疗的发展提供了依据；然而，鉴于心理治疗的有效性，它们的效用可能有限。特别是，行为模型以及最近的认知模型因认知行为疗法（CBT）在治疗PD方面的有效性而获得了支持。在特定案例中，联合治疗的作用已被发现对PD的治疗更为有效，鉴于PD的病因复杂且多因素，这为需要一种综合的PD治疗方法和模型提供了支持。
