Gibson D, Wermuth L, Sorensen J L, Menicucci L, Bernal G
University of California, Substance Abuse Services, San Francisco General Hospital 94110.
Int J Addict. 1987 Sep;22(9):895-903. doi: 10.3109/10826088709027468.
Ample evidence documents the tendency of research subjects to attribute to themselves socially desirable traits and to deny having socially undesirable qualities. This tendency is particularly marked among subjects who are defensive, lacking in self-esteem, or sensitive to status differences. Drug addicts often have all of these characteristics. This paper examines the extent to which need for social approval is reflected in methadone patients' and family members' self-reports of personal and family functioning. Results demonstrate the importance of taking the approval motive into account when conducting research with this population. Addicts tend to deny negative things about themselves and their families, while family members tend to exaggerate their own and their families' positive qualities. Implications for drug treatment programs and researchers are discussed.
大量证据表明，研究对象倾向于将社会期望的特质归因于自己，并否认自己具有社会不期望的特质。这种倾向在具有防御性、缺乏自尊或对地位差异敏感的研究对象中尤为明显。吸毒者通常具备所有这些特征。本文探讨了社会认可需求在美沙酮患者及其家庭成员对个人及家庭功能的自我报告中得到体现的程度。结果表明，在对这一群体进行研究时，考虑认可动机非常重要。吸毒者往往会否认自己及家人的负面情况，而家庭成员则倾向于夸大自己及家人的积极品质。文中还讨论了对戒毒治疗项目和研究人员的启示。
