California State University, Monterey Bay, Seaside, USA.
Central Coast YMCA, 600 Camino El Estero, Monterey, CA, 93940, USA.
Int J Behav Med. 2024 Feb;31(1):156-162. doi: 10.1007/s12529-023-10164-3. Epub 2023 Feb 16.
Although mechanisms are unclear, there is a robust association between exercise and mood improvements. However, beyond ~ 6 months of expected weight loss, weight-management behaviors such as exercise wane as weight gradually regains in most adults. The amount of exercise required to maintain mood improvement is unknown, as is the possible role of theory-based psychosocial changes associated with treatment such as in self-efficacy.
Women who volunteered for a community-based cognitive-behavioral obesity treatment emphasizing exercise and building self-efficacy via self-regulating through lifestyle challenges/barriers, and were of the 86% who reduced their negative mood during its initial 6 months, were allocated into groups who either maintained their negative mood reduction (Sustain group, n = 43) or reverted toward initial levels of negative mood (Revert group, n = 73) during months 6-24. A binary stepwise logistic regression analysis assessed whether exercise amount and/or change in self-efficacy significantly classified Sustain vs. Revert group membership.
Change in exercise amount was not significantly associated with group membership. However, after additional entry of change in exercise self-efficacy, a significant association was found - successfully classifying 70% and 42% of the Revert and Sustain group participants, respectively. When self-efficacy change was entered as the sole independent variable, group membership was classified with 62% accuracy, overall (96% in the Revert group).
Consistent with behavioral explanations of the exercise-mood change relationship, it was interpreted that self-efficacy, rather than exercise amount, was an important correlate of mood change beyond month 6. Suggestions for bolstering self-efficacy later in behavioral obesity treatments were provided.
尽管机制尚不清楚，但运动与情绪改善之间存在着密切的关联。然而，除了预期的体重减轻期约 6 个月之外，随着大多数成年人的体重逐渐恢复，像运动这样的体重管理行为也会减少。保持情绪改善所需的运动量以及与治疗相关的基于理论的心理社会变化（例如自我效能感）的可能作用尚不清楚。
自愿参加基于社区的认知行为肥胖治疗的女性强调运动，并通过通过生活方式挑战/障碍进行自我调节来建立自我效能感，其中有 86％的人在最初的 6 个月内减轻了负面情绪，将其分配到负面情绪减轻的维持组（Sustain 组，n = 43）或在 6 至 24 个月期间恢复到初始负面情绪水平的恢复组（Revert 组，n = 73）。二元逐步逻辑回归分析评估了运动量的变化和/或自我效能感的变化是否可以显著区分 Sustain与 Revert 组的成员。
运动量的变化与组别的变化无显著相关性。但是，在添加运动自我效能感的变化后，发现了一个显著的关联-成功地将 70％和 42％的 Revert 和 Sustain组参与者分别分类。当将自我效能感的变化作为唯一的独立变量输入时，总体而言，组别的分类准确率为 62％（Revert 组为 96％）。
与运动与情绪变化关系的行为解释一致，解释为自我效能感，而不是运动量，是 6 个月后情绪变化的重要相关因素。提供了增强行为肥胖治疗后期自我效能感的建议。
