Berlin Ali A, Kop Willem J, Deuster Patricia A
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Psychosom Med. 2006 Mar-Apr;68(2):224-30. doi: 10.1097/01.psy.0000204628.73273.23.
Depressive symptomatology is more prevalent among sedentary than physically active individuals. The present prospective study examines whether withdrawal of regular aerobic activity provokes depressive mood symptoms and fatigue, and to what extent reductions in fitness levels contribute to the development of these symptoms.
Forty participants (mean age of 31.3 +/- 7.5 years, 55% women) who exercised regularly (> or = 30 minutes aerobic exercise > or = 3 times/week) were randomized to aerobic exercise withdrawal (n = 20) or to continue regular exercise (n = 20) for 2 weeks. Protocol adherence was documented using ambulatory actigraphy. Negative mood was measured with the Profile of Mood States (POMS), depressive symptoms with the Beck Depression Inventory-II (somatic and cognitive-affective components), and fatigue with the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI). Fitness levels were documented by cycle ergometry testing.
Fatigue and somatic depressive symptoms emerged after 1 week of exercise withdrawal (p = .05) and subsequently predicted the development of cognitive-affective depressive symptoms at 2 weeks (beta = 0.62; p = .046). Exercise withdrawal also resulted in increased negative mood (POMS; p < or = .01), and this increase was correlated with decreases in fitness level (r = -0.36, p = .03). Decreased fitness was related to increased POMS fatigue (p = .003) when statistically adjusting for baseline fitness levels and group condition.
Depressed mood and fatigue are commonly observed in individuals deprived of usual exercise activities, and the increase in fatigue may be partially mediated by reduced fitness levels. These findings may explain mood changes in response to short-term exercise withdrawal such as injuries and recovery from medical procedures that do not require full bedrest.
抑郁症状在久坐不动的人群中比在体育活动活跃的人群中更为普遍。本前瞻性研究旨在探讨停止规律有氧运动是否会引发抑郁情绪症状和疲劳，以及体能水平的下降在多大程度上导致这些症状的出现。
40名参与者（平均年龄31.3±7.5岁，55%为女性），他们定期锻炼（每周进行≥3次、每次≥30分钟的有氧运动），被随机分为停止有氧运动组（n = 20）或继续规律锻炼组（n = 20），为期2周。使用动态活动记录仪记录方案依从性。用情绪状态剖面图（POMS）测量负面情绪，用贝克抑郁量表第二版（躯体和认知情感成分）测量抑郁症状，用多维疲劳量表（MFI）测量疲劳。通过自行车测力计测试记录体能水平。
停止运动1周后出现疲劳和躯体抑郁症状（p = 0.05），随后在2周时预测认知情感抑郁症状的出现（β = 0.62；p = 0.046）。停止运动还导致负面情绪增加（POMS；p≤0.01），且这种增加与体能水平下降相关（r = -0.36，p = 0.03）。在对基线体能水平和分组情况进行统计学调整后，体能下降与POMS疲劳增加相关（p = 0.003）。
在缺乏日常运动活动的个体中普遍观察到情绪低落和疲劳，疲劳的增加可能部分由体能水平下降介导。这些发现可能解释了因短期停止运动（如受伤和从无需完全卧床休息的医疗程序中恢复）而导致的情绪变化。
