Ogden Thomas H
Personal and Supervising Analyst, Psychoanalytic Institute of Northern California, San Franicsco, CA, USA.
Int J Psychoanal. 2023 Feb;104(1):7-22. doi: 10.1080/00207578.2022.2124163.
In "Mind and its relation to the psyche-soma," Winnicott reinvents the concept of psyche-soma by viewing it as a set of experiences located neither in the body nor in the brain, and in fact, not located anywhere. Psyche, in health, is understood to be the imaginative functioning of mental processes, and soma is understood to be the experience of physical realness and aliveness. Winnicott offers a clinical illustration of work with a patient who feels unreal to herself. He describes a juncture in the analysis in which the patient's somatic functioning is everything, while Winnicott, by feeling his own breathing and watching the patient breathe, knows that she is alive. This is the beginning of her becoming able to experience her breathing (soma) and imagining (psyche) as real, alive, and her own.Among the concepts Winnicott alludes to, and that I develop, are (1) the idea that in his clinical work Winnicott not only lives an experience with the patient, he also brings an unspoken structure of meaning to the experience, and the two are inseparable; and (2) the idea that Winnicott introduces a set of terms and a way of thinking that is independent of the differentiation of conscious and unconscious mind (Freud's topographic model). These ideas include aliveness and deadness, realness and unrealness, being and disruption of being.
在《心灵及其与身心的关系》一文中，温尼科特对身心概念进行了重新诠释，他将其视为一组既不存在于身体中也不存在于大脑中，事实上也不存在于任何地方的体验。在健康状态下，心灵被理解为心理过程的想象功能，而身体则被理解为身体真实感和活力的体验。温尼科特提供了一个与一位觉得自己不真实的患者工作的临床案例。他描述了分析过程中的一个关键节点，在这个节点上患者的身体功能就是一切，而温尼科特通过感受自己的呼吸并观察患者呼吸，知道她是活着的。这是她开始能够将自己的呼吸（身体）和想象（心灵）体验为真实、有活力且属于自己的开端。
在温尼科特提及且我进一步阐述的概念中，有以下两点：（1）在临床工作中，温尼科特不仅与患者共同经历一种体验，他还为这种体验带来了一种未言明的意义结构，二者密不可分；（2）温尼科特引入了一组术语和一种思维方式，这种思维方式独立于意识和无意识心理的区分（弗洛伊德的地形模型）。这些概念包括活力与死寂、真实与虚幻、存在与存在的中断。
