Al-Shami Islam, Al Hourani Huda, Alkhatib Buthaina, Alboqai Omar, AlHalaika Dima, Al-Jawaldeh Ayoub
Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Sciences, Jerash University, Jerash, Jordan.
JMIR Res Protoc. 2023 Feb 17;12:e41636. doi: 10.2196/41636.
One of the factors influencing health and well-being is dietary patterns. Data on food consumption are necessary for evaluating and developing community nutrition policies. Few studies on Jordanians' food consumption and dietary habits at various ages have been conducted, despite the increased prevalence of overweight, obesity, and chronic diseases. This will be the first study focusing on Jordanians' food consumption patterns that includes children, adolescents, adults, and older adults.
This cross-sectional study aims to describe the design and methodology of the Jordan's Population-based Food Consumption Survey, 2021-2022, which was developed to collect data on food consumption, including energy, nutrients, and food group intake, from a representative sample of Jordanians and to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity and their relationship to food consumption.
Participants were selected by stratified random sampling, using the Estimated Population of the Kingdom by Governorate, Locality, Sex, and Households, 2020 as the sampling frame. The food consumption survey sample was at the population level, representing gender and age classes (8-85 years old). The data collection period was 6 months. Food consumption was assessed using 24-hour dietary recall (2 nonconsecutive days, 1 week apart) interviews representing weekdays and weekends. In addition to data on food consumption, information on the use of food supplements, sociodemographic and socioeconomic status, and health was gathered. Weight, height, and waist circumference were all measured.
The survey included 632 households with 2145 participants, of which 243 (11.3%) were children, 374 (17.4%) were adolescents, 1428 (66.6%) were adults, and 99 (4.6%) were older adults. Three food consumption databases were used to stratify the mean 24-hour dietary recall food consumption into energy intake, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, fiber, vitamins and minerals, and food groups. BMI was calculated and classified as normal, overweight, or obese. Central obesity was classified as normal or abnormal based on the waist-to-height ratio. The survey results will be disseminated based on age, energy, nutrient, and food group consumption. The prevalence of overweight and obesity by age group will be presented, as well as a comparison to the situation in Eastern Mediterranean countries.
The survey data will be helpful in nutritional studies, assessing changes in dietary patterns, and developing and evaluating nutrition or health policies. It will be a solid base for developing a future national surveillance system on food consumption patterns with comprehensive food consumption, physical activity, biochemical, and blood pressure data.
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/41636.
饮食模式是影响健康和幸福的因素之一。食物消费数据对于评估和制定社区营养政策至关重要。尽管超重、肥胖和慢性病的患病率有所上升，但针对约旦人不同年龄段的食物消费和饮食习惯的研究却很少。这将是第一项关注约旦人食物消费模式的研究，涵盖儿童、青少年、成年人和老年人。
这项横断面研究旨在描述2021 - 2022年约旦基于人群的食物消费调查的设计和方法，该调查旨在从约旦人的代表性样本中收集食物消费数据，包括能量、营养素和食物组摄入量，并确定超重和肥胖的患病率及其与食物消费的关系。
采用分层随机抽样方法选取参与者，以2020年按省份、地区、性别和家庭划分的王国估计人口作为抽样框架。食物消费调查样本处于人群层面，代表性别和年龄组（8 - 85岁）。数据收集期为6个月。使用24小时膳食回顾法（2个非连续日，间隔1周）进行访谈来评估食物消费，分别代表工作日和周末。除了食物消费数据外，还收集了关于食物补充剂使用、社会人口统计学和社会经济状况以及健康方面的信息。测量了体重、身高和腰围。
该调查包括632户家庭，共2145名参与者，其中243名（11.3%）为儿童，374名（17.4%）为青少年，1428名（66.6%）为成年人，99名（4.6%）为老年人。使用三个食物消费数据库将24小时膳食回顾的平均食物消费分层为能量摄入、碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、纤维、维生素和矿物质以及食物组。计算了BMI并将其分类为正常、超重或肥胖。根据腰高比将中心性肥胖分类为正常或异常。调查结果将根据年龄、能量、营养素和食物组消费情况进行传播。将呈现各年龄组超重和肥胖的患病率，并与东地中海国家的情况进行比较。
调查数据将有助于营养研究、评估饮食模式的变化以及制定和评估营养或健康政策。它将为建立一个未来的全国食物消费模式监测系统提供坚实基础，该系统将包含全面的食物消费、身体活动、生化和血压数据。
国际注册报告识别码（IRRID）：DERR1 - 10.2196/41636
