Updike C D, Epstein A
Speech and Hearing Center, Indiana University, Bloomington 47401.
J Aud Res. 1986 Jul;26(3):147-56.
Normal-hearing young adults (5 M, 6 F) were exposed monaurally for 3 min to narrow-band noises centered at .5, 1, and 4 kc/s, at 20 db above respective acoustic reflex (AR) thresholds. Strip-chart recordings (1 mm/sec) of middle-ear muscle contractions were graphed and evaluated for peak amplitude, latency, adaptation, and recovery from contraction. The relative AR amplitude was greatest to the .5-kc/s band and decreased with increasing stimulus frequency. Women exhibited greater AR than men in response to the lowest frequency of stimulation. The AR latency was significantly faster for the .5-kc/s band, with no sex difference. AR adaptation increased with increasing stimulus frequency and markedly so for women in response to the mid- and high-frequency bands; but for men at all frequencies there was AR enhancement even after 3 min of stimulation. Finally, there were no significant overall differences in AR relaxation time either for men or women, though there was a significant sex by frequency interaction such that at 4 kc/s men's recovery was faster. Implications of these results were discussed relative to the research data on sex differences in TTS at different frequencies.
听力正常的年轻成年人（5名男性，6名女性）单耳暴露于以0.5、1和4千周/秒为中心的窄带噪声中3分钟，强度比各自的声反射（AR）阈值高20分贝。对中耳肌肉收缩的带状图表记录（1毫米/秒）进行绘图，并评估其峰值幅度、潜伏期、适应性以及收缩后的恢复情况。相对AR幅度对0.5千周/秒频段最大，并随刺激频率增加而降低。在最低刺激频率下，女性的AR反应比男性更大。0.5千周/秒频段的AR潜伏期明显更快，且无性别差异。AR适应性随刺激频率增加而增加，对于女性在中高频段的反应尤为明显；但对于男性，在所有频率下即使经过3分钟刺激仍有AR增强。最后，男性和女性的AR松弛时间总体上没有显著差异，尽管存在显著的性别与频率交互作用，即在4千周/秒时男性的恢复更快。相对于不同频率下暂时性阈移（TTS）性别差异的研究数据，对这些结果的意义进行了讨论。
