Cao Jiafeng, Xu Haoyue, Yu Yongyao, Xu Zhen
Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Dev Comp Immunol. 2023 Jul;144:104621. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104621. Epub 2023 Feb 18.
T and B lymphocytes (T and B cells) are immune effector cells that play critical roles in adaptive immunity and defend against external pathogens in most vertebrates, including teleost fish. In mammals, the development and immune response of T and B cells is associated with cytokines including chemokines, interferons, interleukins, lymphokines, and tumor necrosis factors during pathogenic invasion or immunization. Given that teleost fish have evolved a similar adaptive immune system to mammals with T and B cells bearing unique receptors (B-cell receptors (BCRs) and T-cell receptors (TCRs)) and that cytokines in general have been identified, whether the regulatory roles of cytokines in T and B cell-mediated immunity are evolutionarily conserved between mammalians and teleost fish is a fascinating question. Thus, the purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge of teleost cytokines and T and B cells as well as the regulatory roles of cytokines on these two types of lymphocytes. This may provide important information on the parallelisms and dissimilarities of the functions of cytokines in bony fish versus higher vertebrates, which may aid in the evaluation and development of adaptive immunity-based vaccines or immunostimulants.
T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞（T细胞和B细胞）是免疫效应细胞，在适应性免疫中发挥关键作用，并在包括硬骨鱼在内的大多数脊椎动物中抵御外部病原体。在哺乳动物中，T细胞和B细胞的发育及免疫反应在病原体入侵或免疫接种期间与包括趋化因子、干扰素、白细胞介素、淋巴因子和肿瘤坏死因子在内的细胞因子相关。鉴于硬骨鱼已经进化出与哺乳动物相似的适应性免疫系统，T细胞和B细胞带有独特的受体（B细胞受体（BCR）和T细胞受体（TCR）），并且一般来说细胞因子已经被鉴定出来，细胞因子在T细胞和B细胞介导的免疫中的调节作用在哺乳动物和硬骨鱼之间是否在进化上保守是一个引人入胜的问题。因此，本综述的目的是总结目前关于硬骨鱼细胞因子以及T细胞和B细胞的知识，以及细胞因子对这两种淋巴细胞的调节作用。这可能会提供关于硬骨鱼与高等脊椎动物中细胞因子功能的相似性和差异的重要信息，这可能有助于评估和开发基于适应性免疫的疫苗或免疫刺激剂。
