Centers for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Centers for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan.
J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2023 Jun;56(3):558-565. doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2023.01.016. Epub 2023 Feb 8.
An extended interval between the two primary doses may reduce the risk of myocarditis/pericarditis after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. Taiwan has implemented a two-dose regimen with a 12-week interval for adolescents. Here we present nationwide data of myocarditis/pericarditis following COVID-19 vaccinations.
Data on adverse events of myocarditis/pericarditis were from the Taiwan Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System between March 22, 2021, and February 9, 2022. The reporting rates according to sex, age, and vaccine type were calculated. We investigated the rates among young individuals under different two-dose intervals and among those who received two doses of different vaccines.
Among 204 cases who met the case definition of myocarditis/pericarditis, 75 cases occurred after the first dose and 129 after the second. The rate of myocarditis/pericarditis after COVID-19 vaccination varied across sex and age groups and was highest after the second dose in males aged 12-17 years (126.79 cases per million vaccinees) for the BNT162b2 vaccine and in males aged 18-24 years (93.84 cases per million vaccinees) for the mRNA-1273 vaccine. The data did not suggest an association between longer between-dose interval and lower rate of myocarditis/pericarditis among males and females aged 18-24 or 25-29 years who received two doses of the BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccine. Rates of myocarditis/pericarditis in males and females aged 18-49 years after receiving ChAdOx1-S - mRNA-1273 vaccination was significantly higher than after ChAdOx1-S - ChAdOx1-S vaccination.
Myocarditis and pericarditis are rare following mRNA vaccination, with higher risk occurring in young males after the second dose.
两剂主要剂量之间的间隔时间延长可能会降低 COVID-19 mRNA 疫苗接种后心肌炎/心包炎的风险。台湾已为青少年实施了两剂方案，间隔 12 周。在此，我们呈现了 COVID-19 疫苗接种后心肌炎/心包炎的全国性数据。
心肌炎/心包炎不良事件数据来自 2021 年 3 月 22 日至 2022 年 2 月 9 日期间的台湾疫苗不良事件报告系统。根据性别、年龄和疫苗类型计算报告率。我们调查了不同两剂间隔时间内的年轻人以及接种不同两剂疫苗的年轻人中的发病率。
在符合心肌炎/心包炎病例定义的 204 例病例中，75 例发生在第一剂后，129 例发生在第二剂后。COVID-19 疫苗接种后心肌炎/心包炎的发生率在性别和年龄组之间有所不同，在 12-17 岁男性中第二剂 BNT162b2 疫苗（每百万接种者 126.79 例）和 18-24 岁男性中 mRNA-1273 疫苗（每百万接种者 93.84 例）最高。数据表明，在 18-24 岁或 25-29 岁的男性和女性中，两剂 BNT162b2 或 mRNA-1273 疫苗之间的间隔时间较长与心肌炎/心包炎发生率较低之间没有关联。18-49 岁男性和女性接种 ChAdOx1-S-mRNA-1273 疫苗后心肌炎/心包炎的发生率明显高于接种 ChAdOx1-S-ChAdOx1-S 疫苗后。
mRNA 疫苗接种后心肌炎和心包炎罕见，第二剂后年轻男性的风险更高。
