Institute of Polymeric Materials (IPM), Sahand University of Technology, New Town of Sahand, Tabriz, Iran; Faculty of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, New Town of Sahand, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Int J Pharm. 2023 May 10;638:122740. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122740. Epub 2023 Feb 19.
The eye is one of the most important organs in the human body providing critical information on the environment. Many corneal diseases can lead to vision loss affecting the lives of people around the world. Ophthalmic drug delivery has always been a major challenge in the medical sciences. Since traditional methods are less efficient (∼5%) at delivering drugs to ocular tissues, contact lenses have generated growing interest in ocular drug delivery due to their potential to enhance drug bioavailability in ocular tissues. The main techniques used to achieve sustained release are discussed in this review, including soaking in drug solutions, incorporating drug into multilayered contact lenses, use of vitamin E barriers, molecular imprinting, nanoparticles, micelles and liposomes. The most clinically relevant results on different eye pathologies are presented. In addition, this review summarizes the benefits of contact lenses over eye drops, strategies for incorporating drugs into lenses to achieve sustained release, results of in vitro and in vivo studies, and recent advances in the commercialization of therapeutic contact lenses for allergic conjunctivitis.
眼睛是人体最重要的器官之一，提供有关环境的关键信息。许多角膜疾病会导致视力丧失，影响世界各地人们的生活。眼科药物输送一直是医学科学的主要挑战。由于传统方法向眼部组织输送药物的效率较低（约 5%），因此由于接触镜具有提高眼部组织中药物生物利用度的潜力，因此越来越受到人们对眼部药物输送的关注。本综述讨论了实现缓释的主要技术，包括浸泡在药物溶液中、将药物掺入多层接触镜、使用维生素 E 屏障、分子印迹、纳米粒子、胶束和脂质体。介绍了不同眼部病变的最具临床相关性的结果。此外，本综述总结了接触镜相对于眼药水的优势、将药物掺入镜片以实现缓释的策略、体外和体内研究的结果以及治疗过敏性结膜炎的治疗性接触镜商业化的最新进展。
