Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil; Laboratory of Emerging and Reemerging Pathogens, Posgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil.
Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil.
Microb Pathog. 2023 Apr;177:106032. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106032. Epub 2023 Feb 17.
Bats (Chiroptera) are flying mammals of great biodiversity and habits. These characteristics contribute for them being natural reservoirs and part of the epidemiological cycle of several potentially zoonotic pathogens, such as viruses, protozoa, fungi and bacteria. Brazil hosts approximately 15% of the world's bat diversity, with 181 distinct species, 68 genera and 9 families. About 60% of infectious diseases in humans are of zoonotic origin and, in the last decades, the detection of zoonotic pathogens in bats and their environment has been reported, such as Rabies virus (RABV) and Histoplasma capsulatum. Thus, the aim of this work was to review the reports of zoonotic pathogens associated with bats in Brazil in the past ten years. We reviewed the main pathogenic microorganisms described and the species of bats most frequently involved in the epidemiological cycles of these zoonotic agents. The obtained data show an upward trend in the detection of zoonotic pathogens in Brazilian bats, such as RABV, Bartonella sp., Histoplasma capsulatum and Leishmania spp., with emphasis on the bat species Artibeus lituratus, Carollia perspicillata, Desmodus rotundus and Molossus molossus. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring bat-associated microrganisms to early identify pathogens that may threaten bat populations, including potentially zoonotic microrganisms, emphasizing the importance of the One Health approach to prevent and mitigate the risks of the emergence of zoonotic diseases.
蝙蝠（翼手目）是具有高度生物多样性和习性的飞行哺乳动物。这些特征使它们成为多种潜在人畜共患病病原体的天然宿主和流行病学循环的一部分，如病毒、原生动物、真菌和细菌。巴西拥有约 15%的世界蝙蝠多样性，有 181 种不同的物种、68 属和 9 科。大约 60%的人类传染病来源于动物源，在过去几十年中，已经报道了蝙蝠及其环境中携带的人畜共患病病原体，如狂犬病病毒（RABV）和荚膜组织胞浆菌。因此，本工作旨在回顾过去十年巴西与蝙蝠相关的人畜共患病病原体的报告。我们回顾了描述的主要致病微生物和最常涉及这些人畜共患病病原体流行病学循环的蝙蝠物种。获得的数据显示，巴西蝙蝠中检测到的人畜共患病病原体呈上升趋势，如 RABV、巴尔通体属、荚膜组织胞浆菌和利什曼原虫属，特别是 Artibeus lituratus、Carollia perspicillata、Desmodus rotundus 和 Molossus molossus 等蝙蝠物种。这些发现强调了监测与蝙蝠相关的微生物的重要性，以早期识别可能威胁蝙蝠种群的病原体，包括潜在的人畜共患病微生物，强调了“同一健康”方法在预防和减轻人畜共患病出现风险方面的重要性。
