Zhao Hanqing, Xu Chengchen, Wang Tingting, Liu Junqiu
Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
Biomimetics (Basel). 2023 Jan 28;8(1):54. doi: 10.3390/biomimetics8010054.
Selenium exists in the form of selenocysteines in selenoproteins and plays a pivotal role in the catalytic process of the antioxidative enzymes. In order to study the structural and functional properties of selenium in selenoproteins, explore the significance of the role of selenium in the fields of biology and chemistry, scientists conducted a series of artificial simulations on selenoproteins. In this review, we sum up the progress and developed strategies in the construction of artificial selenoenzyme. Using different mechanisms from different catalytic angles, selenium-containing catalytic antibodies, semi-synthetic selenonezyme, and the selenium-containing molecularly imprinted enzymes have been constructed. A variety of synthetic selenoenzyme models have been designed and constructed by selecting host molecules such as cyclodextrins, dendrimers, and hyperbranched polymers as the main scaffolds. Then, a variety of selenoprotein assemblies as well as cascade antioxidant nanoenzymes were built by using electrostatic interaction, metal coordination, and host-guest interaction. The unique redox properties of selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx) can be reproduced.
硒以硒代半胱氨酸的形式存在于硒蛋白中，在抗氧化酶的催化过程中起关键作用。为了研究硒在硒蛋白中的结构和功能特性，探索硒在生物学和化学领域作用的意义，科学家们对硒蛋白进行了一系列人工模拟。在本综述中，我们总结了人工硒酶构建方面的进展和已开发的策略。通过从不同催化角度采用不同机制，构建了含硒催化抗体、半合成硒酶和含硒分子印迹酶。通过选择环糊精、树枝状大分子和超支化聚合物等主体分子作为主要支架，设计并构建了多种合成硒酶模型。然后，利用静电相互作用、金属配位和主客体相互作用构建了多种硒蛋白组装体以及级联抗氧化纳米酶。硒酶谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）独特的氧化还原特性得以重现。
