State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-products, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei 430023, China.
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Poult Sci. 2023 Apr;102(4):102327. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102327. Epub 2022 Nov 10.
The objective of this study was to establish a low-bacteria intestinal model in chickens, and then to investigate the characteristics involving in immune function and intestinal environment of this model. A total of 180 twenty-one-week-old Hy-line gray layers were randomly allocated into 2 treatment groups. Hens were fed with a basic diet (Control), or an antibiotic combination diet (ABS) for 5 weeks. Results showed that the total bacteria in the ileal chyme were significantly dropped after ABS treatment. Compared with the Control group, the genus-level bacteria such as Romboutsia, Enterococcus, and Aeriscardovia were reduced in the ileal chyme of the ABS group (P < 0.05). In addition, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus_delbrueckii, Lactobacillus_aviarius, Lactobacillus_gasseri, and Lactobacillus_agilis in the ileal chyme were also descended (P < 0.05). However, Lactobacillus_coleohominis, Lactobacillus_salivarius, and Lolium_perenne were elevated in the ABS group (P < 0.05). Beyond that, ABS treatment decreased the levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and β-defensin 1 in the serum, as well as the number of goblet cells in the ileal villi (P < 0.05). Additionally, the genes mRNA levels of the ileum such as Mucin2, Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4), Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MYD88), NF-κB, IL-1β, Interferon-gama (IFN-γ), IL-4 and the ratio of IFN-γ to IL-4 were also down-regulated in the ABS group (P < 0.05). In addition, there were no significant changes about egg production rate and egg quality in the ABS group. In conclusion, dietary supplemental antibiotic combination for 5 weeks could establish a low intestinal bacteria model of hens. The establishment of a low intestinal bacteria model did not affect the egg-laying performance, while caused immune suppression in laying hens.
本研究旨在建立一种鸡的低细菌肠道模型，然后研究该模型在免疫功能和肠道环境方面的特征。将 180 只 21 周龄的海兰灰蛋鸡随机分为 2 个处理组。母鸡分别饲喂基础日粮（对照）或抗生素组合日粮（ABS）5 周。结果表明，ABS 处理后回肠食糜中的总细菌数量显著下降。与对照组相比，ABS 组回肠食糜中的罗姆斯氏菌属、肠球菌属和 Aeriscardovia 属等属水平细菌数量减少（P < 0.05）。此外，回肠食糜中乳杆菌属的相对丰度也下降，如 Lactobacillus_delbrueckii、Lactobacillus_aviarius、Lactobacillus_gasseri 和 Lactobacillus_agilis（P < 0.05）。然而，ABS 组中的 Lactobacillus_coleohominis、Lactobacillus_salivarius 和 Lolium_perenne 增加（P < 0.05）。此外，ABS 处理降低了血清中白细胞介素-10（IL-10）和 β-防御素 1 的水平，以及回肠绒毛中杯状细胞的数量（P < 0.05）。此外，ABS 组回肠中 Mucin2、Toll 样受体 4（TLR4）、髓样分化因子 88（MYD88）、NF-κB、IL-1β、干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）、IL-4 的基因 mRNA 水平以及 IFN-γ/IL-4 的比值也下调（P < 0.05）。此外，ABS 组的产蛋率和蛋品质没有显著变化。综上所述，饲粮添加抗生素组合 5 周可建立母鸡低肠道细菌模型。建立低肠道细菌模型不会影响产蛋性能，但会导致产蛋母鸡免疫抑制。
