Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India; University of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, United Kingdom, G12 8QQ.
Carbohydr Polym. 2023 May 15;308:120448. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120448. Epub 2022 Dec 13.
Numerous compounds, with extensive applications in biomedical and biotechnological fields, are present in the oceans, which serve as a prime renewable source of natural substances, further promoting the development of novel medical systems and devices. Polysaccharides are present in the marine ecosystem in abundance, promoting minimal extraction costs, in addition to their solubility in extraction media, and an aqueous solvent, along with their interactions with biological compounds. Certain algae-derived polysaccharides include fucoidan, alginate, and carrageenan, while animal-derived polysaccharides comprise hyaluronan, chitosan and many others. Furthermore, these compounds can be modified to facilitate their processing into multiple shapes and sizes, as well as exhibit response dependence to external conditions like temperature and pH. All these properties have promoted the use of these biomaterials as raw materials for the development of drug delivery carrier systems (hydrogels, particles, capsules). The present review enlightens marine polysaccharides providing its sources, structures, biological properties, and its biomedical applications. In addition to this, their role as nanomaterials is also portrayed by the authors, along with the methods employed to develop them and associated biological and physicochemical properties designed to develop suitable drug delivery systems.
海洋中存在着大量的化合物，这些化合物在生物医药和生物技术领域有着广泛的应用，是天然物质的主要可再生来源，进一步促进了新型医疗系统和设备的发展。多糖在海洋生态系统中大量存在，除了在提取介质和水溶剂中的溶解度外，还具有较低的提取成本，并且可以与生物化合物相互作用。某些源自藻类的多糖包括褐藻胶、藻酸盐和卡拉胶，而源自动物的多糖则包括透明质酸、壳聚糖等。此外，这些化合物可以被修饰，以方便它们加工成多种形状和大小，并对外界条件（如温度和 pH 值）表现出响应依赖性。所有这些特性都促进了这些生物材料作为药物输送载体系统（水凝胶、颗粒、胶囊）开发的原材料的使用。本综述阐明了海洋多糖的来源、结构、生物特性及其在生物医学中的应用。此外，作者还描绘了它们作为纳米材料的作用，以及开发它们的方法以及相关的生物和物理化学特性，旨在开发合适的药物输送系统。
