Wang Yahui, Chu Ying, Cao Fenghua, Chen Zhihong, Xu Huaxi, Wang Shengjun, Ma Jie
Department of Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
Zhenjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhenjiang, China.
Cent Eur J Immunol. 2022;47(4):373-381. doi: 10.5114/ceji.2022.124387. Epub 2023 Jan 31.
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-2 (TREM2) is a transmembrane receptor which is specifically expressed on myeloid cells. To date, TREM2 has been confirmed as a key factor in many pathologies, such as Alzheimer's disease, obesity-related metabolic syndrome, fatty liver and atherosclerosis. However, the role of TREM2 in tumors remains poorly understood. TREM2 is highly expressed in more than 200 primary and metastatic tumors, a feature that makes TREM2 a potential clinical target for tumor immunotherapy. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is the "soil" which tumors survive on and exhibits immunosuppressive characteristics. During the development of a tumor, TME will secrete various chemotactic factors to recruit myeloid cells. It is clear now that cancer progression and metastasis depend on the interactions between cancer cells and myeloid cell infiltration in TME. As an important receptor involved in inflammatory suppression signaling pathways, TREM2 may play an important role in immune escape by the tumor. Recently, several studies have illustrated that TREM2 expressed on tumor infiltrated myeloid cells acts as a crucial regulator of the antitumor immune response. In this review, we systematically summarize recent publications about the latest advances in knowledge of TREM2 in cancer, especially focusing on its role in tumor associated myeloid cells and tumor immunotherapy.
髓系细胞触发受体2（TREM2）是一种跨膜受体，在髓系细胞上特异性表达。迄今为止，TREM2已被确认为许多病理过程中的关键因素，如阿尔茨海默病、肥胖相关代谢综合征、脂肪肝和动脉粥样硬化。然而，TREM2在肿瘤中的作用仍知之甚少。TREM2在200多种原发性和转移性肿瘤中高表达，这一特征使TREM2成为肿瘤免疫治疗的潜在临床靶点。肿瘤微环境（TME）是肿瘤赖以生存的“土壤”，具有免疫抑制特性。在肿瘤发生发展过程中，TME会分泌多种趋化因子招募髓系细胞。目前已经明确，癌症进展和转移取决于癌细胞与TME中髓系细胞浸润之间的相互作用。作为参与炎症抑制信号通路的重要受体，TREM2可能在肿瘤免疫逃逸中发挥重要作用。最近，几项研究表明，肿瘤浸润髓系细胞上表达的TREM2是抗肿瘤免疫反应的关键调节因子。在这篇综述中，我们系统地总结了最近关于TREM2在癌症领域最新进展的出版物，尤其关注其在肿瘤相关髓系细胞和肿瘤免疫治疗中的作用。
