Bermejo Pedro E, Dorado Rodolfo, Zea-Sevilla María Ascensión
University Hospital Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
Instituto Neurológico Beremia, Madrid, Spain.
Neurosci Insights. 2023 Feb 16;18:26331055231152496. doi: 10.1177/26331055231152496. eCollection 2023.
The term mild cognitive impairment (MCI) defines an intermediate state between normal aging and dementia. Vascular cognitive impairment refers to a decline in cognitive function that is caused by or associated with vascular disease and comprises all the spectrum of cognitive impairments, from MCI of vascular origin to vascular dementia. One of the available treatments for cognitive impairment is cytidine diphosphate-choline (CDP-Choline), or citicoline. The objective of the present manuscript is to provide complete evidence about the efficacy of citicoline for MCI, especially of vascular origin, but also due to other neurodegenerative disorders. Citicoline is a pharmaceutical product constituted by the combination of 2 natural molecules (cytidine and choline) and is marketed as a food supplement. It has been proposed to provide neuroprotective effects through diverse mechanisms of action. Taking into account the available literature, citicoline has shown a consistent improvement in cognitive function in patients with MCI, especially of vascular origin. Moreover, it provides beneficial effects on vascular, Alzheimer, and mixed dementias, stroke sequelae, intracerebral hemorrhages, traumatic brain injuries, and neurodegenerative diseases. Long-term treatment with citicoline has also been demonstrated to be well-tolerated and has not been associated with severe adverse events. Citicoline is a safe, well-tolerated, and promising agent with evidenced neuroprotective properties.
轻度认知障碍（MCI）这一术语定义了正常衰老与痴呆之间的中间状态。血管性认知障碍是指由血管疾病引起或与之相关的认知功能下降，涵盖了从血管源性MCI到血管性痴呆的所有认知障碍范围。认知障碍的现有治疗方法之一是胞二磷胆碱（CDP-胆碱），即西吡氯铵。本手稿的目的是提供关于西吡氯铵治疗MCI有效性的完整证据，尤其是血管源性MCI，但也包括其他神经退行性疾病导致的MCI。西吡氯铵是一种由两种天然分子（胞嘧啶核苷和胆碱）组合而成的药品，作为食品补充剂销售。有人提出它通过多种作用机制提供神经保护作用。考虑到现有文献，西吡氯铵已显示出对MCI患者的认知功能有持续改善，尤其是血管源性MCI患者。此外，它对血管性痴呆、阿尔茨海默病和混合性痴呆、中风后遗症、脑出血、创伤性脑损伤及神经退行性疾病均有有益作用。长期使用西吡氯铵治疗也已证明耐受性良好，且未发现与严重不良事件相关。西吡氯铵是一种安全、耐受性良好且具有神经保护特性证据的有前景的药物。
