当神经机器人出现故障时:综述
When neuro-robots go wrong: A review.
作者信息
Khan Muhammad Salar, Olds James L
机构信息
Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, Center for Biomedical Science and Policy, Schar School of Policy and Government, George Mason University, Arlington, VA, United States.
出版信息
Front Neurorobot. 2023 Feb 3;17:1112839. doi: 10.3389/fnbot.2023.1112839. eCollection 2023.
Neuro-robots are a class of autonomous machines that, in their architecture, mimic aspects of the human brain and cognition. As such, they represent unique artifacts created by humans based on human understanding of healthy human brains. European Union's Convention on Roboethics 2025 states that the design of all robots (including neuro-robots) must include provisions for the complete traceability of the robots' actions, analogous to an aircraft's flight data recorder. At the same time, one can anticipate rising instances of neuro-robotic failure, as they operate on imperfect data in real environments, and the underlying AI behind such neuro-robots has yet to achieve explainability. This paper reviews the trajectory of the technology used in neuro-robots and accompanying failures. The failures demand an explanation. While drawing on existing explainable AI research, we argue explainability in AI limits the same in neuro-robots. In order to make robots more explainable, we suggest potential pathways for future research.
神经机器人是一类自主机器,其架构模仿人类大脑和认知的某些方面。因此,它们代表了人类基于对健康人类大脑的理解而创造的独特产物。欧盟《2025年机器人伦理公约》规定,所有机器人(包括神经机器人)的设计必须包括对机器人行动进行完全可追溯性的规定,类似于飞机的飞行数据记录器。与此同时,可以预见神经机器人故障的情况会不断增加,因为它们在现实环境中基于不完美的数据运行,而且此类神经机器人背后的基础人工智能尚未实现可解释性。本文回顾了神经机器人所使用技术的发展轨迹以及随之出现的故障。这些故障需要一个解释。在借鉴现有可解释人工智能研究的同时,我们认为人工智能中的可解释性也限制了神经机器人的可解释性。为了使机器人更具可解释性,我们提出了未来研究的潜在途径。
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