Independent Researcher, Arabkir, 1, Yerevan 0054, Armenia.
Mar Drugs. 2023 Feb 1;21(2):108. doi: 10.3390/md21020108.
Microalgae are the richest source of natural carotenoids, which are valuable pigments with a high share of benefits. Often, carotenoid-producing algae inhabit specific biotopes with unfavorable or even extremal conditions. Such biotopes, including alpine snow fields and hypersaline ponds, are widely distributed in Europe. They can serve as a source of new strains for biotechnology. The number of algal species used for obtaining these compounds on an industrial scale is limited. The data on them are poor. Moreover, some of them have been reported in non-English local scientific articles and theses. This review aims to summarize existing data on microalgal species, which are known as potential carotenoid producers in biotechnology. These include and , both well-known to the scientific community, as well as less-elucidated representatives. Their distribution will be covered throughout Europe: from the Greek Mediterranean coast in the south to the snow valleys in Norway in the north, and from the ponds in Amieiro (Portugal) in the west to the saline lakes and mountains in Crimea (Ukraine) in the east. A wide spectrum of algal secondary carotenoids is reviewed: β-carotene, astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, echinenone, adonixanthin, and adonirubin. For convenience, the main concepts of biology of carotenoid-producing algae are briefly explained.
微藻是天然类胡萝卜素最丰富的来源，类胡萝卜素是一种具有高附加值的有价值色素。通常，产类胡萝卜素的藻类栖息在具有不利甚至极端条件的特定生境中。这些生境包括高山雪地和高盐池塘，广泛分布在欧洲。它们可以作为生物技术新菌株的来源。用于在工业规模上获得这些化合物的藻类物种的数量是有限的。关于它们的数据很少。此外，其中一些已在非英语的当地科学文章和论文中报道。本综述旨在总结微藻物种的现有数据，这些物种被认为是生物技术中潜在的类胡萝卜素生产菌。其中包括 和 ，这两种藻类都为科学界所熟知，还有一些不太为人知的代表。它们的分布将涵盖整个欧洲：从南希腊地中海岸到北挪威的雪地山谷，从葡萄牙阿梅里奥的池塘到乌克兰克里米亚的咸水湖和山脉。综述了广泛的藻类次生类胡萝卜素：β-胡萝卜素、虾青素、角黄素、玉米黄质、叶黄素和阿德酮。为了方便起见，简要解释了产类胡萝卜素藻类生物学的主要概念。
