Viasus Diego, Simonetti Antonella F, Nonell Lara, Vidal Oscar, Meije Yolanda, Ortega Lucía, Arnal Magdalena, Bódalo-Torruella Marta, Sierra Montserrat, Rombauts Alexander, Abelenda-Alonso Gabriela, Blanchart Gemma, Gudiol Carlota, Carratalà Jordi
Department of Medicine, Division of Health Sciences, Universidad del Norte and Hospital Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 081001, Colombia.
Department of Internal Medicine, Consorci Sanitari Alt Penedès-Garraf, 08720 Sant Pere de Ribes, Spain.
Biomedicines. 2023 Feb 1;11(2):429. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11020429.
(1) Background: Information regarding gene expression profiles and the prognosis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is scarce. We aimed to examine the differences in the gene expression profiles in peripheral blood at hospital admission between patients with CAP who died during hospitalization and those who survived. (2) Methods: This is a multicenter study of nonimmunosuppressed adult patients who required hospitalization for CAP. Whole blood samples were obtained within 24 h of admission for genome-expression-profile analysis. Gene expression profiling identified both differentially expressed genes and enriched gene sets. (3) Results: A total of 198 samples from adult patients who required hospitalization for CAP were processed, of which 13 were from patients who died. Comparison of gene expression between patients who died and those who survived yielded 49 differentially expressed genes, 36 of which were upregulated and 13 downregulated. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified four positively enriched gene sets in survivors, mainly associated with the interferon-alpha response, apoptosis, and sex hormone pathways. Similarly, GSEA identified seven positively enriched gene sets, associated with the oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative phosphorylation, and angiogenesis pathways, in the patients who died. Protein-protein-interaction-network analysis identified , , , , , , , and as the main gene hubs. (4) Conclusions: We found differences in gene expression profiles at hospital admission between CAP patients who died and those who survived. Our findings may help to identify novel candidate pathways and targets for potential intervention and biomarkers for risk stratification.
(1) 背景：关于社区获得性肺炎（CAP）的基因表达谱和预后的信息匮乏。我们旨在研究住院期间死亡的CAP患者与存活患者入院时外周血基因表达谱的差异。(2) 方法：这是一项针对因CAP需要住院治疗的非免疫抑制成年患者的多中心研究。在入院后24小时内采集全血样本进行基因组表达谱分析。基因表达谱分析确定了差异表达基因和富集基因集。(3) 结果：共处理了198例因CAP需要住院治疗的成年患者的样本，其中13例来自死亡患者。对死亡患者和存活患者的基因表达进行比较，发现49个差异表达基因，其中36个上调，13个下调。基因集富集分析（GSEA）在存活者中确定了四个正富集基因集，主要与α-干扰素反应、凋亡和性激素途径相关。同样，GSEA在死亡患者中确定了七个正富集基因集，与氧化应激、内质网应激、氧化磷酸化和血管生成途径相关。蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络分析确定 、 、 、 、 、 、 和 为主要基因枢纽。(4) 结论：我们发现死亡的CAP患者和存活患者入院时的基因表达谱存在差异。我们的研究结果可能有助于识别潜在干预的新候选途径和靶点以及用于风险分层的生物标志物。
