Gauch Mirjam, Corsten Sabine, Geschke Katharina, Heinrich Isabel, Leinweber Juliane, Spelter Bianca
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
Faculty of Healthcare and Nursing, Catholic University of Applied Sciences Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany.
Brain Sci. 2023 Jan 26;13(2):204. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13020204.
Telepractice is increasingly finding its way into the care of people with dementia. Web-based delivery of speech and language therapy (SLT) is feasible and has the potential to improve communication in people with dementia-related speech disorders. Although experts are discussing the strengths and weaknesses of telepractice, a precise analysis of the differences between analogue and digital communication for this heterogeneous group of patients is still missing. The three current single cases investigated verbal and nonverbal aspects of communication in a face-to-face (F2F) and digital setting through a qualitative research design. Using the scenario-test (ST) in person and via big blue button (BBB; video conferencing system), several decisive factors were detected, influencing the effectiveness of communication in a F2F compared to a digital setting. The most important results of the qualitative content analysis are described for each case individually. Additionally, the influence of person-related factors, such as age, diagnosis, presence of depression, and level of education, is presented. Perceptual, executive, and affective disorders, as well as aids of relatives, are considered separately. The results indicate that executive functions, affects, and perceptual deficits need to be taken into account if telepractice is to be applied. Age, education, and distinct forms of dementia might be decisive for successful telepractice as well.
远程医疗越来越多地应用于痴呆症患者的护理中。基于网络的言语和语言治疗（SLT）是可行的，并且有可能改善患有痴呆症相关言语障碍患者的沟通能力。尽管专家们正在讨论远程医疗的优缺点，但对于这类异质性患者群体，模拟通信和数字通信之间差异的精确分析仍然缺失。目前的三个单病例研究通过定性研究设计，在面对面（F2F）和数字环境中调查了沟通的言语和非言语方面。通过亲自使用情景测试（ST）以及通过大蓝按钮（BBB；视频会议系统），发现了几个决定性因素，这些因素影响了与数字环境相比F2F沟通的有效性。针对每个病例分别描述了定性内容分析的最重要结果。此外，还介绍了与个人相关的因素的影响，如年龄、诊断、是否存在抑郁症以及教育水平。分别考虑了感知、执行和情感障碍以及亲属的帮助。结果表明，如果要应用远程医疗，需要考虑执行功能、情感和感知缺陷。年龄、教育程度和不同形式的痴呆症对于成功的远程医疗也可能具有决定性作用。
