Checchi Martina Proietti, Tarantino Samuela, Ursitti Fabiana, Monte Gabriele, Moavero Romina, Sforza Giorgia, Ferilli Michela Ada Noris, Grimaldi Capitello Teresa, Vigevano Federico, Valeriani Massimiliano, Papetti Laura
Developmental Neurology, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy.
Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 9220 Rome, Italy.
Brain Sci. 2023 Feb 6;13(2):273. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13020273.
Literature data report that the first COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the progression of migraine both in adults and children. The present study aimed to verify how the migraine course and psychological aspects varied in adolescent patients in relation to some of the different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic and compared with the months before COVID-19. In addition, the relationship between the characteristics of headache episodes and psychological and school-related aspects were analyzed.
The study included 418 adolescents. Based on the timing of the evaluation, they were categorized into patients observed before the COVID-19 pandemic (pre COVID) or during the first (COVID 1) or second (COVID 2) wave of the pandemic. Subjects were also categorized into three further groups: those who had high or low frequency of migraine attacks during the month, those who had mild or severe pain during the attack, and those who were taking prophylactic drugs. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scales were utilized to assess depression and anxiety.
We observed a significant increase in the frequency of attacks and the use of prophylactic drugs during the COVID 2 period compared to the COVID 1 and pre-COVID periods ( < 0.05). Patients showed higher levels of anxiety and depression during each of the two COVID periods compared with the pre-COVID months ( < 0.05), especially during the COVID 2 period ( < 0.05).
Our results show long-term negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical parameters and psychological symptoms in adolescents with migraine.
文献数据表明，首次新冠疫情大流行对成人和儿童偏头痛的进展均产生了影响。本研究旨在验证青少年患者偏头痛病程和心理状况在新冠疫情大流行的不同阶段是如何变化的，并与新冠疫情之前的几个月进行比较。此外，还分析了头痛发作特征与心理及学校相关方面之间的关系。
该研究纳入了418名青少年。根据评估时间，他们被分为在新冠疫情大流行之前（新冠疫情前）、大流行的第一波（新冠1）或第二波（新冠2）期间接受观察的患者。受试者还被进一步分为三组：在一个月内偏头痛发作频率高或低的患者、发作时疼痛轻微或严重的患者，以及正在服用预防性药物的患者。使用患者健康问卷9（PHQ - 9）和广泛性焦虑障碍7（GAD - 7）量表来评估抑郁和焦虑。
我们观察到，与新冠1期和新冠疫情前时期相比，在新冠2期发作频率和预防性药物的使用显著增加（<0.05）。与新冠疫情前的几个月相比，患者在两个新冠时期的焦虑和抑郁水平均较高（<0.05），尤其是在新冠2期（<0.05）。
我们的结果表明，新冠疫情大流行对偏头痛青少年的临床参数和心理症状产生了长期负面影响。
