Rodrigues Mónica, de Castro Mendes Francisca, Paciência Inês, Cavaleiro Rufo João, Silva Diana, Delgado Luís, Moreira André, Moreira Pedro
Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal.
Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-31 Porto, Portugal.
Children (Basel). 2023 Jan 31;10(2):263. doi: 10.3390/children10020263.
Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) analysis is a recently developed, non-invasive method used to identify and quantify biomarkers, mainly those coming from the lower respiratory tract. It seems that diet can influence the airway's inflammation and change the exhaled breath composition. This study aimed to assess the association between diet quality intake and markers in EBC among school-aged children. A cross-sectional analysis included 150 children (48.3% females, aged 7-12 years, mean age: 8.7 ± 0.8 years) from 20 schools across Porto, Portugal. We assessed diet quality through the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, which was estimated based on a single 24 h food recall questionnaire. EBC samples were collected, and we assessed their ionic content (Na, K) and conductivity. The association between diet quality and Na, K, Na/K ratio and conductivity was estimated using logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. After adjustment, a higher quality diet score increases the odds of higher conductivity values of the EBC (aOR = 1.04, 95%CI 1.00; 1.08). Our findings suggest that a higher diet quality in school-aged children is associated with higher conductivity levels of the EBC.
呼出气冷凝物（EBC）分析是一种最近开发的非侵入性方法，用于识别和量化生物标志物，主要是来自下呼吸道的生物标志物。饮食似乎会影响气道炎症并改变呼出气成分。本研究旨在评估学龄儿童饮食质量摄入量与EBC中标志物之间的关联。一项横断面分析纳入了来自葡萄牙波尔图20所学校的150名儿童（48.3%为女性，年龄7至12岁，平均年龄：8.7±0.8岁）。我们通过2015年健康饮食指数（HEI）评估饮食质量，该指数基于一份单一的24小时食物召回问卷进行估算。收集了EBC样本，并评估了其离子含量（钠、钾）和电导率。使用针对潜在混杂因素进行调整的逻辑回归模型估计饮食质量与钠、钾、钠/钾比值和电导率之间的关联。调整后，更高质量的饮食评分会增加EBC电导率值更高的几率（调整后的比值比=1.04，95%置信区间1.00；1.08）。我们的研究结果表明，学龄儿童更高的饮食质量与EBC更高的电导率水平相关。
