Xu Chenfeng, Yu Chao, Yang Siqi, Deng Lingli, Zhang Chi, Xiang Jiqian, Shang Longchen
Enshi Tujia & Miao Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi 445000, China.
College of Biological and Food Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China.
Foods. 2023 Feb 8;12(4):743. doi: 10.3390/foods12040743.
Dietary fiber has been widely used in designing foods with a high satiating capacity, as the use of satiety-enhancing food is considered to be a promising strategy for combating obesity and the overweight condition. In the present study, partially degraded konjac glucomannan (DKGM) diets with different water-holding capacities, swelling capacities, and viscosities were used to feed rats to investigate the effects of the fiber's physical properties in regulating the appetite response of the animals. The results showed that the mass and water content of the gastrointestinal chyme increased as the diet's physical properties were enhanced by the DKGM, which increased the stomach distention of the rats and promoted satiation. Besides, the hydrated DKGM elevated the chyme's viscosity, and the retention time of the digesta in the small intestine was prolonged significantly, which resulted in an increased concentration of cholecystokinin-8, glucagon-like peptide 1, and peptide tyrosine-tyrosine in the plasma, thus helping to maintain the satiety of rats. Furthermore, the results of the behavioral satiety sequence and meal pattern analysis showed that DKGM in the diets is more likely to reduce the food intake of rats by enhancing satiety rather than satiation, and will finally inhibit excessive weight gain. In conclusion, the physical properties of dietary fiber are highly related to the appetite response, which is a powerful tool in designing food with a high satiating capacity.
膳食纤维已被广泛用于设计具有高饱腹感的食品，因为使用增强饱腹感的食物被认为是对抗肥胖和超重状况的一种有前景的策略。在本研究中，使用具有不同持水能力、膨胀能力和粘度的部分降解魔芋葡甘露聚糖（DKGM）日粮喂养大鼠，以研究纤维的物理性质对调节动物食欲反应的影响。结果表明，随着DKGM增强日粮的物理性质，胃肠道食糜的质量和含水量增加，这增加了大鼠的胃扩张并促进了饱腹感。此外，水合DKGM提高了食糜的粘度，消化物在小肠中的停留时间显著延长，这导致血浆中胆囊收缩素-8、胰高血糖素样肽1和酪酪肽的浓度增加，从而有助于维持大鼠的饱腹感。此外，行为饱腹感序列和进餐模式分析结果表明，日粮中的DKGM更有可能通过增强饱腹感而不是饱足感来减少大鼠的食物摄入量，并最终抑制体重过度增加。总之，膳食纤维的物理性质与食欲反应高度相关，这是设计具有高饱腹感食品的有力工具。
