Clermont Kristen, Graham Charles J, Lloyd Steven W, Grimm Casey C, Randall Jennifer J, Mattison Christopher P
Southern Regional Research Center, FPSQ, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA.
U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 20585, USA.
Foods. 2023 Feb 17;12(4):866. doi: 10.3390/foods12040866.
Pecan () nuts are an economically valuable crop native to the United States and Mexico. A proteomic summary from two pecan cultivars at multiple time points was used to compare protein accumulation during pecan kernel development. Patterns of soluble protein accumulation were elucidated using qualitative gel-free and label-free mass-spectrometric proteomic analyses and quantitative (label-free) 2-D gel electrophoresis. Two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis distinguished a total of 1267 protein spots and shotgun proteomics identified 556 proteins. Rapid overall protein accumulation occurred in mid-September during the transition to the dough stage as the cotyledons enlarge within the kernel. Pecan allergens Car i 1 and Car i 2 were first observed to accumulate during the dough stage in late September. While overall protein accumulation increased, the presence of histones diminished during development. Twelve protein spots accumulated differentially based on 2-D gel analysis in the weeklong interval between the dough stage and the transition into a mature kernel, while eleven protein spots were differentially accumulated between the two cultivars. These results provide a foundation for more focused proteomic analyses of pecans that may be used in the future to identify proteins that are important for desirable traits, such as reduced allergen content, improved polyphenol or lipid content, increased tolerance to salinity, biotic stress, seed hardiness, and seed viability.
山核桃坚果是原产于美国和墨西哥的一种具有经济价值的作物。利用两个山核桃品种在多个时间点的蛋白质组学总结来比较山核桃果仁发育过程中的蛋白质积累情况。使用定性的无凝胶和无标记质谱蛋白质组学分析以及定量（无标记）二维凝胶电泳来阐明可溶性蛋白质积累的模式。二维凝胶电泳共区分出1267个蛋白质点，鸟枪法蛋白质组学鉴定出556种蛋白质。随着子叶在果仁内增大，在9月中旬向面团期过渡期间发生了快速的总体蛋白质积累。山核桃过敏原Car i 1和Car i 2首次在9月下旬的面团期被观察到积累。虽然总体蛋白质积累增加，但在发育过程中组蛋白的含量减少。基于二维凝胶分析，在面团期和向成熟果仁过渡的一周间隔内，有12个蛋白质点差异积累，而在两个品种之间有11个蛋白质点差异积累。这些结果为更有针对性的山核桃蛋白质组学分析奠定了基础，未来可用于鉴定对理想性状重要的蛋白质，如降低过敏原含量、提高多酚或脂质含量、增强对盐度、生物胁迫、种子耐寒性和种子活力的耐受性。
