Proteomic characterization of peanut flour fermented by .

Fermentation alters the protein content and composition of foods. To characterize fungal catabolism of peanut proteins, defatted peanut flour was fermented by (. ) for up to 48 h and evaluated by SDS-PAGE, mass spectrometry, and antibody binding. A clear change in peanut protein migration was observed by SDS-PAGE after 16 h of fermentation. Mass spectrometric analysis indicated changes in allergen peptides and proteins. Several low molecular weight allergen fragments produced during fermentation were identified by mass spectrometry. Immunoassays using anti-peanut allergen antibodies demonstrated reduced allergen content as early as 16 h of fermentation. However, ELISA with peanut allergic IgE indicated only slightly reduced allergen binding even after 48 h. These results indicate that while fermentation efficiently metabolizes peanut allergens, significant IgE binding remains in lower molecular mass peptides, and therefore fermented peanut products would not be safe for peanut allergic individuals.