Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China.
State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 12;20(4):3209. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20043209.
ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have been applied in a wide range of fields due to their unique properties. However, their ecotoxicological threats are reorganized after being discharged. Their toxic effect on anadromous fish could be complicated due to the salinity fluctuations during migration between freshwater and brackish water. In this study, the combined impact of ZnO NPs and salinity on the early development of a typical anadromous fish, obscure puffer (), was evaluated by (i) observation of the nanoparticle characterization in salt solution; (ii) quantification of the toxicity to embryos, newly hatched larvae, and larvae; and (iii) toxicological analysis using biomarkers. It is indicated that with increased salinity level in brackish water (10 ppt), the toxicity of ZnO NPs decreased due to reduced dissolved Zn content, leading to higher hatch rate of embryos and survival rate of larvae than in freshwater (0 ppt). The irregular antioxidant enzyme activity changes are attributed to the toxic effects of nanoparticles on CAT (catalase), but further determination is required. The results of present study have the significance to guide the wildlife conservation of population.
氧化锌纳米粒子（ZnO NPs）由于其独特的性质而被广泛应用于各个领域。然而，它们被排放后会重新构成生态毒性威胁。由于在淡水和半咸水之间洄游时盐度波动，它们对洄游性鱼类的毒性影响可能会变得复杂。在这项研究中，通过（i）观察纳米颗粒在盐溶液中的特征；（ii）定量分析对胚胎、刚孵化的幼鱼和幼鱼的毒性；和（iii）使用生物标志物进行毒理学分析，评估了 ZnO NPs 和盐度对典型洄游性鱼类暗纹东方鲀早期发育的联合影响。结果表明，随着半咸水中盐度水平（10 ppt）的增加，由于溶解 Zn 含量降低，ZnO NPs 的毒性降低，导致胚胎孵化率和幼鱼存活率高于淡水（0 ppt）。抗氧化酶活性变化的不规则性归因于纳米颗粒对 CAT（过氧化氢酶）的毒性作用，但需要进一步确定。本研究结果对于指导 种群的野生动物保护具有重要意义。
