Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 12;20(4):3228. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20043228.
Studies on the association between maternal dietary diversity and birth weight in offspring are limited, and the impact of such an adjustable factor on birth weight requires investigation to promote neonatal health. This study used data from a larger-scale population-based survey conducted in northwest China to evaluate the association of maternal dietary diversity with neonatal birth weight with a generalized estimating equation model. The results found that maternal dietary diversity was positively associated with neonate birth weight. Furthermore, a higher minimum dietary diversity for women (MDD-W) score during pregnancy was related to a lower risk of low birth weight (LBW) in offspring. The mothers with the highest MDD-W score had a 38% (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.43-0.89) lower risk of LBW than those with the lowest score. Similarly, the mothers with the highest animal-based food dietary diversity score (DDS) had 39% (OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.38-0.98) lower risk of LBW in offspring compared with those with the lowest animal-based food DDS. Moreover, the ratio of animal-based food DDS to non-animal-based food DDS could play an important role in predicting neonate birth weight. In conclusion, increasing maternal dietary diversity would improve birth weight in offspring, especially by increasing the intake of animal-based foods among the Chinese population.
关于母体饮食多样性与后代出生体重之间关联的研究有限，而这种可调节因素对出生体重的影响需要调查，以促进新生儿健康。本研究使用了来自中国西北地区更大规模基于人群的调查数据，采用广义估计方程模型评估母体饮食多样性与新生儿出生体重之间的关联。结果发现，母体饮食多样性与新生儿出生体重呈正相关。此外，妊娠期间女性最低饮食多样性得分（MDD-W）较高与后代发生低出生体重（LBW）的风险降低相关。MDD-W 得分最高的母亲发生 LBW 的风险比得分最低的母亲低 38%（OR=0.62，95%CI：0.43-0.89）。同样，动物源性食物饮食多样性得分（DDS）最高的母亲发生 LBW 的风险比动物源性食物 DDS 最低的母亲低 39%（OR=0.61，95%CI：0.38-0.98）。此外，动物源性食物 DDS 与非动物源性食物 DDS 的比值在预测新生儿出生体重方面可能起着重要作用。总之，增加母体饮食多样性可以改善后代的出生体重，特别是通过增加中国人的动物源性食物摄入量。
