National Institute of Public Health, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
National Laboratory for Health, Food and Environment, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 18;20(4):3665. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20043665.
We conducted a seroprevalence study using convenient residual sera samples from the Slovenian population collected after the end of the Omicron BA.1 pandemic wave. Serum samples were tested for spike glycoprotein (anti-S) and nucleocapsid protein (anti-N) antibodies. Participants' data regarding confirmed infection and vaccination was obtained from national registries. Anti-S antibodies were detected in 2439 (84.1%) of 2899 sera from persons aged 0-90 years, with the lowest prevalence in the 0-17 age group. The proportion of anti-N positives was the lowest in the ≥70 age group. The proportion of anti-N positives was significantly higher among participants with confirmed past infection and among those who had never been vaccinated. In participants who had not been notified as infected and who had never been vaccinated, the seroprevalence of anti-S and anti-N antibodies was 53% and 35.5%, respectively. From the time of serum collection to mid-November 2022, 445 participants (15.3%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, with higher odds in seronegative participants, participants in the 40-59 age group, and those without notified previous infection. Vaccination status and gender had no significant effects on infection risk. This study underlines the importance of serosurveys in understanding the development of the pandemic.
我们进行了一项血清流行率研究，使用了在奥密克戎 BA.1 大流行浪潮结束后从斯洛文尼亚人群中采集的便利剩余血清样本。血清样本检测了刺突糖蛋白（抗-S）和核衣壳蛋白（抗-N）抗体。参与者的确诊感染和接种疫苗数据来自国家登记处。在年龄为 0-90 岁的 2899 份血清样本中，有 2439 份（84.1%）检测到了抗-S 抗体，0-17 岁年龄组的抗体流行率最低。≥70 岁年龄组抗-N 阳性比例最低。在有确诊既往感染史和从未接种过疫苗的参与者中，抗-N 阳性的比例显著更高。在未被通知感染且从未接种过疫苗的参与者中，抗-S 和抗-N 抗体的血清流行率分别为 53%和 35.5%。自采集血清样本至 2022 年 11 月中旬，有 445 名参与者（15.3%）的 SARS-CoV-2 检测呈阳性，在血清阴性参与者、40-59 岁年龄组参与者和未被通知有既往感染的参与者中，这种情况的可能性更高。疫苗接种状况和性别对感染风险没有显著影响。本研究强调了血清学调查在了解大流行发展中的重要性。
