Santos-García Diego, Laguna Ariadna, Hernández-Vara Jorge, de Deus Fonticoba Teresa, Cores Bartolomé Carlos, Feal Painceiras Maria J, Íñiguez-Alvarado Maria Cristina, García Díaz Iago, Jesús Silvia, Boungiorno Maria Teresa, Planellas Lluís, Cosgaya Marina, García Caldentey Juan, Caballol Nuria, Legarda Ines, Cabo Iria, López Manzanares Lydia, González Aramburu Isabel, Ávila Rivera Maria A, Gómez Mayordomo Víctor, Nogueira Víctor, Puente Víctor, Dotor García-Soto Julio, Borrué Carmen, Solano Vila Berta, Álvarez Sauco María, Vela Lydia, Escalante Sonia, Cubo Esther, Carrillo Padilla Francisco, Castrillo Juan C Martínez, Sánchez Alonso Pilar, Alonso Losada Maria G, López Ariztegui Nuria, Gastón Itziar, Kulisevsky Jaime, Menéndez González Manuel, Seijo Manuel, Rúiz Martínez Javier, Valero Caridad, Kurtis Mónica, Ardura Jessica González, Alonso Redondo Ruben, Ordás Carlos, López Díaz Luis M, McAfee Darrian, Martinez-Martin Pablo, Mir Pablo
Department of Neurology, CHUAC, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, c/ As Xubias 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain.
Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
J Clin Med. 2023 Feb 7;12(4):1329. doi: 10.3390/jcm12041329.
Sex plays a role in Parkinson's disease (PD) mechanisms. We analyzed sex difference manifestations among Spanish patients with PD.
PD patients who were recruited from the Spanish cohort COPPADIS from January 2016 to November 2017 were included. A cross-sectional and a two-year follow-up analysis were conducted. Univariate analyses and general linear model repeated measure were used.
At baseline, data from 681 PD patients (mean age 62.54 ± 8.93) fit the criteria for analysis. Of them, 410 (60.2%) were males and 271 (39.8%) females. There were no differences between the groups in mean age (62.36 ± 8.73 vs. 62.8 ± 9.24; = 0.297) or in the time from symptoms onset (5.66 ± 4.65 vs. 5.21 ± 4.11; = 0.259). Symptoms such as depression ( < 0.0001), fatigue ( < 0.0001), and pain ( < 0.00001) were more frequent and/or severe in females, whereas other symptoms such as hypomimia ( < 0.0001), speech problems ( < 0.0001), rigidity ( < 0.0001), and hypersexuality ( < 0.0001) were more noted in males. Women received a lower levodopa equivalent daily dose ( = 0.002). Perception of quality of life was generally worse in females (PDQ-39, = 0.002; EUROHIS-QOL8, = 0.009). After the two-year follow-up, the NMS burden (Non-Motor Symptoms Scale total score) increased more significantly in males ( = 0.012) but the functional capacity (Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living Scale) was more impaired in females ( = 0.001).
The present study demonstrates that there are important sex differences in PD. Long-term prospective comparative studies are needed.
性别在帕金森病（PD）机制中发挥作用。我们分析了西班牙PD患者中的性别差异表现。
纳入2016年1月至2017年11月从西班牙队列COPPADIS招募的PD患者。进行了横断面分析和为期两年的随访分析。采用单因素分析和一般线性模型重复测量。
基线时，681例PD患者（平均年龄62.54±8.93）的数据符合分析标准。其中，男性410例（60.2%），女性271例（39.8%）。两组在平均年龄（62.36±8.73对62.8±9.24；P = 0.297）或症状出现时间（5.66±4.65对5.21±4.11；P = 0.259）方面无差异。抑郁（P < 0.0001）、疲劳（P < 0.0001）和疼痛（P < 0.00001）等症状在女性中更频繁和/或严重，而其他症状如表情减少（P < 0.0001）、言语问题（P < 0.0001）、僵硬（P < 0.0001）和性欲亢进（P < 0.0001）在男性中更常见。女性接受的左旋多巴等效日剂量较低（P = 0.002）。女性对生活质量的感知总体较差（PDQ - 39，P = 0.002；EUROHIS - QOL8，P = 0.009）。两年随访后，男性的非运动症状负担（非运动症状量表总分）增加更显著（P = 0.012），但女性的功能能力（施瓦布和英格兰日常生活活动量表）受损更严重（P = 0.001）。
本研究表明PD存在重要的性别差异。需要进行长期前瞻性比较研究。
