Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 34, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia.
Nutrients. 2023 Feb 4;15(4):798. doi: 10.3390/nu15040798.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disorder that can affect any joint in the human body. This study aimed to examine the anti-arthritic properties of high and low doses of grapefruit juice (GFJ), as grapefruit appears to contain anti-inflammatory biochemicals. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 170-180 g were divided into five groups. These groups comprised the untreated control group and osteoarthritic (Osteo) rats administered intra-articular injections of Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA; 0.5 mL; 1 mg/mL) as follows: OA rats administered low doses of GFJ (Osteo+GFJ (low); 5 mL/kg body weight (BW)); OA rats administered high doses of GFJ (Osteo+GFJ (high); 27 mL/kg BW); and OA rats administered diclofenac sodium (Osteo+Diclo) as a reference drug. Injections of CFA induced OA, as indicated by a significant increase in the serum levels of the inflammatory biomarkers C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and (prostaglandin (PGE2), as well as matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1) and cathepsin K. The synovial levels of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) also increased, with a concomitant reduction in osteocalcin levels. The administration of either high or low doses of GFJ reduced CRP, IL-1β, PGE2, MMP-1, cathepsin K, and osteocalcin while increasing the synovial levels of GAGs, TNF-α, and IL-6, slowing cartilage degradation and boosting joint function. The results showed comparable histopathological and biochemical responses. A comparison of the treatments showed that high-dose GFJ had a greater chondroprotective effect than low-dose GFJ.
骨关节炎（OA）是一种常见的疾病，可影响人体的任何关节。本研究旨在研究高、低剂量柚子汁（GFJ）的抗关节炎特性，因为柚子似乎含有抗炎生物化学物质。40 只体重 170-180 克的雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠分为五组。这些组包括未处理的对照组和关节内注射福氏完全佐剂（CFA；0.5 毫升；1 毫克/毫升）的骨关节炎（OA）大鼠，如下所示：给予低剂量 GFJ 的 OA 大鼠（Osteo+GFJ（低）；5 毫升/千克体重（BW））；给予高剂量 GFJ 的 OA 大鼠（Osteo+GFJ（高）；27 毫升/千克 BW）；和给予双氯芬酸钠（Osteo+Diclo）作为参考药物的 OA 大鼠。CFA 注射诱导 OA，表现为炎症生物标志物 C 反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞介素 1β（IL-1β）和（前列腺素（PGE2）以及基质金属蛋白酶（MMP-1）和组织蛋白酶 K 的血清水平显著升高。糖胺聚糖（GAGs）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）和白细胞介素 6（IL-6）的滑膜水平也增加，同时骨钙蛋白水平降低。给予高或低剂量 GFJ 可降低 CRP、IL-1β、PGE2、MMP-1、组织蛋白酶 K 和骨钙蛋白，同时增加 GAGs、TNF-α 和 IL-6 的滑膜水平，减缓软骨降解并增强关节功能。结果显示出可比的组织病理学和生化反应。对治疗的比较表明，高剂量 GFJ 比低剂量 GFJ 具有更大的软骨保护作用。
