Family Medicine Department, University of Lleida, PC 25003 Lleida, Spain.
Primary Care Research Institute IDIAP Jordi Gol, Catalan Institute of Health, CP 08007 Barcelona, Spain.
Nutrients. 2023 Feb 12;15(4):926. doi: 10.3390/nu15040926.
(1) Background: This article focuses on the prevalence of overweight and obesity in pregnancy in different ethnic groups and assesses the existence of associated comorbidities. (2) Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study of 16803 pregnant women was carried out between 2012 and 2018 in the health region of Lleida (72% of the total). The relationship between overweight and obesity and different variables was analyzed by calculating the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals with multivariate logistic regression models. (3) Results: The prevalence of obesity in pregnant women rose from 11.1% in 2012 to 13.4% in 2018, and there was an age-related weight gain. A high incidence of overweight and obesity was recorded in pregnant women from ethnic groups: Maghrebi, sub-Saharan African and Latin America populations presented ORs of 4.08, 3.18 and 1.59, respectively. Hypertension was the variable most affected by body mass index (BMI) > 25 (OR = 3.39) followed by gestational diabetes mellitus (OR = 2.35). Depression was also associated with obesity. (4) Conclusions: The BMI of pregnant women is influenced by individual, ethnic and clinical factors. Mental health conditions such as depression are associated with BMI.
（1）背景：本文主要关注不同种族孕妇超重和肥胖的流行情况，并评估相关合并症的存在。（2）材料与方法：对 2012 年至 2018 年在莱里达卫生区进行的 16803 名孕妇进行了回顾性观察性队列研究（占总数的 72%）。通过多变量逻辑回归模型计算调整后的优势比（aOR）和 95%置信区间，分析超重和肥胖与不同变量之间的关系。（3）结果：孕妇肥胖的患病率从 2012 年的 11.1%上升到 2018 年的 13.4%，且与年龄相关的体重增加。来自不同种族的孕妇超重和肥胖的发生率较高：马格里布、撒哈拉以南非洲和拉丁美洲人群的比值比分别为 4.08、3.18 和 1.59。高血压是 BMI 大于 25（OR=3.39）的最受影响的变量，其次是妊娠期糖尿病（OR=2.35）。抑郁也与肥胖有关。（4）结论：孕妇的 BMI 受到个体、种族和临床因素的影响。心理健康状况如抑郁与 BMI 有关。
