Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
Liaoning Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, Shenyang 110122, China.
Nutrients. 2021 Sep 27;13(10):3398. doi: 10.3390/nu13103398.
Gestational diabetes can alter the trajectory of fetal development, but there are few studies on the effects of abnormal lipid metabolism on physical development of infants. We aimed to explore the prevalence of maternal dyslipidemia, its influencing factors and effects on the physical development of fetuses and infants, as well as the role of leptin in this process.
Questionnaire surveys and main outcome measures were administered among 338 pairs of pregnant women and newborns.
The detection rate of maternal dyslipidemia was 31.5%. The median levels of TG (triglyceride) and TG/HDL (high-density lipoprotein) ratio were higher in large-for-gestational-age (LGA) newborns. Birth weight was positively related to infants' height and weight at six months and one year old ( 0.05). Leptin was positively related to TG levels of pregnant women and newborns' birth weight ( 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that having greater than or equal to four meals a day (OR = 6.552, 95%CI = 1.014-42.338) and liking to eat lightly flavored food during pregnancy (OR = 1.887, 95%CI = 1.048-3.395) were independent risk factors of maternal dyslipidemia.
The prevalence of dyslipidemia was relatively high in pregnant women and was affected by dietary behaviors. Abnormal lipid levels during pregnancy could affect weight and length at birth, which might be associated with increasing leptin levels in cord blood, and then the weight of infants would be influenced by birth weight.
妊娠期糖尿病可能改变胎儿发育的轨迹，但目前关于脂质代谢异常对婴儿体格发育影响的研究较少。我们旨在探讨母源性血脂异常的患病率、影响因素及其对胎儿和婴儿体格发育的影响，以及瘦素在此过程中的作用。
对 338 对孕妇及其新生儿进行问卷调查和主要结局指标评估。
母源性血脂异常的检出率为 31.5%。巨大儿（LGA）新生儿的甘油三酯（TG）和 TG/高密度脂蛋白（HDL）比值中位数较高。出生体重与婴儿 6 个月和 1 岁时的身高和体重呈正相关（ 0.05）。瘦素与孕妇和新生儿的 TG 水平呈正相关（ 0.05）。Logistic 回归分析显示，每天进食≥4 餐（OR=6.552，95%CI=1.014-42.338）和妊娠期间喜欢清淡饮食（OR=1.887，95%CI=1.048-3.395）是母源性血脂异常的独立危险因素。
孕妇血脂异常的患病率相对较高，受饮食行为的影响。妊娠期间血脂异常可能会影响出生体重和身长，这可能与脐血中瘦素水平升高有关，进而影响婴儿的体重。
