Department of Kinesiology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
Nutrients. 2023 Feb 20;15(4):1046. doi: 10.3390/nu15041046.
Research suggests sleep duration can influence metabolic systems including glucose homeostasis, blood pressure, hormone regulation, nervous system activity, and total energy expenditure (TEE), all of which are related to cardiometabolic disease risk, even in young adults. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome severity scores (MSSS) in a sample of emerging adults (18-24 y/o).
Data were collected between 2012 and 2021 from the College Health and Nutrition Assessment Survey, an ongoing, cross-sectional study conducted at a midsized northeastern university. Anthropometric, biochemical, and clinical measures were obtained following an overnight fast and used to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS severity scores (MSSS) were calculated using race- and sex-specific formulas. Sleep duration was calculated from the difference in self-reported bedtime and wake time acquired through an online survey. ANCOVA was used to examine the relationship between sleep duration and MetS severity score while adjusting for covariates (age, sex, BMI, physical activity level, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and academic major).
In the final sample ( = 3816), MetS (≥3 criteria) was present in 3.3% of students, while 15.4% of students presented with ≥2 MetS criteria. Mean MSSS was -0.65 ± 0.56, and the reported sleep duration was 8.2 ± 1.3 h/day. MSSS was higher among low sleepers (<7 h/day) and long sleepers (>9 h/day) compared to the reference sleepers (7-8 h/day) (-0.61 ± 0.02 and -0.63 ± 0.01 vs. -0.7 ± 0.02, respectively, < 0.01).
Our findings suggest short (<7 h/day) and long (>9 h/day) sleep durations raise the risk of MetS in a sample of emerging adults. Further research is needed to elucidate the impact of improving sleep habits on future disease risk.
研究表明，睡眠时长会影响代谢系统，包括葡萄糖稳态、血压、激素调节、神经系统活动和总能量消耗（TEE），所有这些都与心血管代谢疾病风险有关，即使在年轻人中也是如此。本研究的目的是在一组年轻成年人（18-24 岁）中检查睡眠时长与代谢综合征严重程度评分（MSSS）之间的关系。
数据来自于 2012 年至 2021 年进行的一项持续的横断面研究——大学生健康与营养评估调查，该研究在一所东北部中等规模的大学进行。在进行过夜禁食后，获取人体测量学、生物化学和临床指标，用于评估代谢综合征（MetS）的患病率。使用种族和性别特异性公式计算代谢综合征严重程度评分（MSSS）。通过在线调查获得的自我报告的就寝时间和起床时间之间的差异来计算睡眠时长。调整协变量（年龄、性别、BMI、身体活动水平、吸烟状况、饮酒和专业）后，使用协方差分析（ANCOVA）来检查睡眠时长与 MetS 严重程度评分之间的关系。
在最终样本（n=3816）中，有 3.3%的学生存在 MetS（≥3 项标准），而 15.4%的学生存在≥2 项 MetS 标准。平均 MSSS 为-0.65±0.56，报告的睡眠时长为 8.2±1.3 小时/天。与参考睡眠者（7-8 小时/天）相比，短睡眠者（<7 小时/天）和长睡眠者（>9 小时/天）的 MSSS 更高（-0.61±0.02 和-0.63±0.01 与-0.7±0.02，均<0.01）。
我们的研究结果表明，短（<7 小时/天）和长（>9 小时/天）的睡眠时长会增加年轻成年人患 MetS 的风险。需要进一步研究来阐明改善睡眠习惯对未来疾病风险的影响。
