Pediatric Unit, Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy.
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Nutrients. 2023 Feb 20;15(4):1054. doi: 10.3390/nu15041054.
Exercise is one of the major determinants of a healthy lifestyle, which is particularly important in childhood and serves as a powerful preventive tool. On the other hand, obesity and arterial hypertension rates are increasing in children, representing a huge risk for developing major cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in adult life. Of fundamental importance is the modality and volume of exercise required to obtain benefits. In this feasibility study, we considered a group of obese children, studied before and after a 12-week online exercise training program, and subdivided the participants into two groups considering the volume of exercise performed (above or below 1200 MET·min/week). This threshold level was applied in two different ways: subdivision A considered the total weekly physical activity volume (considering both time spent walking for at least 10 min consecutively and time spent performing structured exercise) and subdivision B considered only the weekly volume of structured exercise. We assessed autonomic and metabolic control and auxological and lifestyle parameters. We observed that the improved volume of structured exercise was associated with reduced arterial pressure percentile only in subdivision B and an improvement in markers of vagal and metabolic control was evident. Moreover, the 12-week online exercise training program, defined considering individual fitness level and progressively adapted as the goal was reached, proved to be sustainable from an economical and organizational point of view.
运动是健康生活方式的主要决定因素之一，这在儿童时期尤为重要，是预防主要心血管和代谢疾病的有力工具。另一方面，儿童肥胖和动脉高血压的发病率正在上升，这对他们成年后的生活构成了重大风险。至关重要的是，获得益处所需的运动方式和运动量。在这项可行性研究中，我们考虑了一组肥胖儿童，在进行了 12 周的在线运动训练计划前后进行了研究，并根据所进行的运动量（每周超过或低于 1200MET·min/周）将参与者分为两组。该阈值水平以两种不同的方式应用：细分 A 考虑了每周的总体力活动量（考虑了连续至少 10 分钟的步行时间和进行结构化运动的时间），细分 B 仅考虑了每周结构化运动的量。我们评估了自主和代谢控制以及生长和生活方式参数。我们观察到，仅在细分 B 中，结构化运动增加的量与动脉压百分位数降低有关，并且迷走神经和代谢控制的标志物明显改善。此外，从经济和组织的角度来看，考虑到个人健身水平并逐步适应目标的 12 周在线运动训练计划被证明是可持续的。
